Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Important Questions Chapter 11 Sociology: What? Why?

Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Important Questions Chapter 11 Sociology: What? Why?

Kerala State Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Important Questions Chapter 11 Sociology: What? Why?

Answer the following. Score 1 each.

Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.
Who authored the hook ‘Nalukettu’ which depicted the changes in the customs’ of joint family system which existed in certain communities in Kerala?
M. T. Vasudevan Nair
Takazhi
Kovilan
Answer:
M.T. Vasudevan Nair

Question 2.
The social scientist who analysed the ‘The Decline of Nair Dominance’
Auguste Comte
Robin Jeffrey
Karl Marx
Answer:
Robin Jeffrey

Question 3.
The Father of Sociology
Auguste Comte
Max Weber
Karl Marx
Answer:
Auguste Comte

Question 4.
The thinker who utilised the theory of evolution by Charles Darwin for the study of society.
Emile Durkheim
Herbert Spencer
Max Weber
Answer:
Herbert Spencer

Question 5.
Which University in India started the Department of Sociology for the first time in India?
University of Calcutta
University of Bombay
University of Madras
Answer:
University of Bombay

Question 6.
A set of questions used by researchers for data collection.
Interview
Case study
Questionnaire
Answer:
Questionnaire

Question 7.
The detailed study of a case is
Observation
Interview
Case study
Answer:
Case study

Question 8.
The basic method of study in Sociology
Observation
Interview
Case study
Answer:
Observation

Question 9.
The conversation between the interviewer and the interviewee
Case study
Interview
Social survey
Answer:
Interview

Question 10.
The scientific study on the social aspects of human life.
Anthropology
History
Sociology
Answer:
Sociology

B. Answer in a sentence each.

Question 1.
Which is study of the origin and racial evolution of man?
Answer:
Anthropology

Question 2.
What led to the rise of Sociology?
Answer:
The social issues following the French Revolution in France.

Question 3.
Where did Sociology originate?
Answer:
In the 19^th century in Western Europe.

Question 4.
Who laid the foundation for the study of Sociology?
Answer:
Auguste Comte

Question 5.
Why is Sociology regarded as a comprehensive study of society?
Answer:
Sociology is the scientific study of the mutual relationship between man and his social environment. So Sociology is regarded as a comprehensive study of society.

Question 6.
What is survey? Why is it considered as the most suitable method to study Sociology?
Answer:
Survey is the most suitable method for the study of Sociology. It helps to formulate a comprehensive view of the topic based on the data collected from a group of selected people.

Question 7.
Who are respondents?
Answer:
Respondents are groups that study questionnaire. The study is carried out using repondents’ responses in the questionnaire.

Question 8.
What is interview?
Answer:
Interview is an important technique or method used to collect information in Sociology. It is the talk between the interviewer and the interviewee.

Question 9.
There are two types of observation. Which are they?
Answer:

1. Participant observation
2. Non-participant observation

Question 10.
What is the speciality of Case study?
Answer:
Case study is used to make an in-depth study on rare and different social phenomena and problems.

Question 11.
What is observation?
Answer:
Observation as a method of study records truth-fully what is seen, heard and experienced.

Answer the following. Score 2 each.

Question 1.
Creative writing is different from the study of Sociology. What are the features of creative writing?
Or
Analyse how creating writing approach a social issue.
Answer:

• Writing is based on creativity and imagination.
• Goal of creative writing is at appreciation.
• Social events are depicted on aesthetic realms.
• Includes emotional reactions and individual experiences.

Question 2.
Sociology originated in Western Europe. Why?
Answer:
The three revolutions that paved the way for the emergence of Sociology took place in Western Europe. They were Renaissance, French Revolution and Industrial Revolution. The social issues in France after the Revolution led to the rise of Sociology.

Question 3.
Why is Auguste Comte regarded as the Father of Sociology?
Answer:
The thoughts and ideas of the French thinker Auguste Comte paved the study of Sociology. He called the discipline which he developed as Social Physics first and later as Sociology. Thus Auguste Comte is regarded as the Father of Sociology because of his contributions to the study of Sociology.

Question 4.
What are the contributions of Herbert Spencer for the study of Sociology?
Answer:

• Herbert Spencer was the thinker who utilised the theory of evolution by Charles Darwin for the study of society.
• He clarified that just as biological evolution, human society has passed through different stages and reached the present stage.
• In his book ‘Study of Sociology’, Spencer explains the different stages in the progress of human species.

Question 5.
Who were the western thinkers to contribute to the development of Sociology?
Answer:

• Auguste Comte
• Karl Marx
• Emile Durkheim
• Max Weber

Question 6.
Which are the other branches of Social Science related to Sociology?
Answer:

• Anthropology
• Economics
• History
• Geography
• Psychology
• Political Science

Question 7.
Write the features of Sample survey as a method of study?
Answer:
Sample survey is the collection of information from a selected group of people. Questionnaires are used to collect data. Questionnaires are given to respondents from whom data is collected. Study is carried out using respondents’ responses in questionnaire.

Question 8.
What is Non- participant observation?
Answer:

• In Non-participant observation, the researcher does not collect data directly from the area under study.
• In this, the researcher does not stay with the group under study.
• Instead, he observes the group from outside.
• In this method, the observer adopts an impartial stand.

Question 9.
Case study is used for data collection in Sociology. Write the features of this method of study.
Answer:

• Case study is the detailed study of the case.
• Such studies will be exact and comprehensive.
• The topic under study using this method is called a Case.
• Case study is used to make an in-depth study on rare and different social phenomena and problems.

Question 10.
Analyse the method in which a Sociologist approaches a social issue.
Answer:

• Social issues analysed scientifically.
• Social conditions are analysed on the basis of cause-effect relationship.

Question 11.
What are the methods used for studying Sociology?
Answer:

• Social survey
• Interview
• Observation
• Case study

Question 12.
How interview helps the study of Sociology?
Answer:
Interview helps to know and analyse the attitudes, views, beliefs and habits.

Answer the following. Score 3 each.

Question 1.
Write the dfference betwcen creative writing and Sociological study.
Answer:

Question 2.
Name the thinkers who contributed for the study of Sociology in India.
Answer:

• G S. Khurey
• A. R. Desai
• S. C. Dubey
• D. R Mukherjee
• M. N. Srinivas

Question 3.
Name the three revolutions that paved the way for the emergence of Sociology.
Answer:

1. Renaissance or Scientific Revolution
2. French Revolution
3. Industrial Revolution

Question 4.
The scope of Sociology is vast. Explain.
Answer:
The scope of Sociology is vast. Sociology analyses the interrelationship between individuals and events. It is not only the study of inter relationship between individuals and events but also the problems like unemployment, communal conflicts, problems of the villagers, poverty etc. Social institutions, social organizations, social relations, socialisation and social control also come under the scope of Sociology.

Question 5.
Interview is an important method used to collect information in Sociology. What are the important things to be taken care of in an interview?
Answer:

• Identifying the apt persons
• Formulating an idea of the information to be collected
• Preparing suitable questions
• Effective communication
• Time management
• Proper organization of the information collected and preparing the report.

Question 6.
Participant observation is a popular method of collecting information in Sociology. Write its features.
Or
Explain the method of study of participant observation.
Answer:

• Participant observation is a popular method of data collection in Sociology.
• Researcher himself collects data directly from the group or area under study.
• The social scientist stays with the group under study and learns directly about their life in participant observation.
• The researcher learns their language and culture and becomes part of their daily life.
• Behaviour patterns which are not explicit can be studied through this method.
• Participant observation is also called Fieldwork.

Question 7.
What are the methods of study normally applied in Sociology? Give a brief description of any one of them.
Answer:
Sociology employs a variety of methods for its study. They are:

• social survey
• interview
• observation
• case study.

Social Survey:
Survey is the most suitable method for the study of Sociology. Survey helps to formulate a comprehensive view on the topic under study based on the data collected from a group of selected people. Data is collected from a selected number of people chosen from a large group. Such studies are called sample surveys. Questionnaires prepared beforehand are used to collect data in social survey. Questionnaires are given to respondents from whom data is collected. Respondents are the groups under study. The study is carried out using the respondents’ responses in the questionnaire.

Question 8.
Explain observation method of study employed in Sociology. Specify the type of observation method largely used in the study of early human societies.
Answer:
Observation is the basic method of the study in Sociology. It is the truthful recording of things seen, heard and experienced. Participant observation and Non-participant observation are the two types of observation.
Participant observation is a popular method of study in Sociology.

Question 9.
What is meant by observation method of study? Mention the two types of observations applied in the study of sociology?
Answer:

• Observation method:
  Observation is a method by which whatever is seen, heard and experienced is recorded truthfully. Information thus collected directly helps in correct assessment. Thus it is a method of study in Sociology.
• The two types of observations applied in the study of Sociology are participant observation and nonparticipant observation.
• When the researcher himself collects information directly from the area under study, it is called participant observation. In nonparticipant observation, the researcher does not stay with the group under study.

Question 10.
Define Sociology and bring out the utilities of its study.
Answer:
Sociology is the scientific study of the social aspects of human life. It is the scientific study of the mutual relationship between man and his environment.

Utilities of Sociological study:

• Helps to formulate the right perspective of society.
• Helps to get an objective knowledge of one’s society and societies.
• Helps to know the relation between individual and social institutions.
• Studies social problems precisely.
• Helps to find solutions for social problems.
• Benefits social planning and development.

Question 11.
Interview and social survey are the two methods of study in Sociology. Write a note by comparing them.
Answer:
Interview:
Interview is a method by which information is collected orally. Interview is the talk between the interviewer and the interviewee. As a method of study, interview helps to know and Analyse the attitudes, views, beliefs, habits, etc. of the individuals.

Social survey:
Survey helps to formulate a comprehensive point of view of the topics, based on the data collected from a group of selected people. Survey is used when data is to be collected from a larger population. Questionnaires are used in social surveys. A questionnaire is a set of questions that researchers use to collect data. Questionnaires are given to responds from whom data is collected. Study is carried out using the respondent’s responses in the questionnaire.

In interview, information is collected orally. In social survey using questionnaire, information . is given in writing. In interview, the researcher records the information. In social survey, the respondent provides information.

Answer the following. Score 4 each.

Question 1.
Identify the name of the branch of social science from the hints given below:

Answer:

• Economics
• History
• Political Science
• Anthropology
• Psychology

Question 2.
Write the differences between interview and questionnaire.
Answer:

Question 3.
What are the features of Social survey?
Answer:

• Survey is the most suitable method for the study of social subjects or disciplines.
• Survey helps to formulate a comprehensive view of the topic based on the data collected from a selected group of people.
• Data are collected from a selected number of people chosen from a large group. Such studies are called sample survey.
• Questionnaires prepared in advance are used to collect data in social survey.
• Questionnaires are given to respondents from whom data is collected.

Question 4.
Differentiate between Participant observation and Non-participant observation.
Answer:

Question 5.
What is the need for the study of Sociology?
Answer:

• Helps to formulate the right perspective of society.
• Helps to get an objective knowledge of one’s society and societies.
• Helps to know the relation between individual and social institutions.
• Studies social problems precisely.
• Helps to find solutions for social problems.
• Benefits social planning and development.

Question 6.
How does Case study differ from other methods of study of Sociology?
Answer:
Case study is used to make an in-depth study on rare and different social phenomena and issues.
Such studies will be exact and comprehensive. The topic under study using case study is called Case. Case study is the detailed study of the case. A precise and perfect case study has scientific value.

Answer the following. Score ‘5’, ‘6’ each.

Question 1.
Describe the different methods of study in Sociology. Write their features and application.
Answer:
Sociological studies are conducted all over the world today for educational and practical purposes. Sociology uses different methods or techniques of study for this.
Social Survey :
Survey is the most suitable method for the study of sociology. Survey helps to formulate a comprehensive view on the topic under study based on the data collected from a group of selected people. Data is collected from a selected number of people chosen from a large group. Such studies are called sample surveys. Questionnaires prepared beforehand are used to collect data in social survey. Questionnaires are given to respondents from whom data is collected. Respondents are the groups under study. The study is carried out using the respondents’ responses in the questionnaire.

Interview:
Interview is the most frequently used method to collect data in Sociology. This is a method by which data are collected orally. Interview is the talk between the interviewer and the interviewee. It helps to know and analyse the attitudes, views, beliefs and habits of the individuals

The things to be taken care of in interview:

• Identifying the apt persons.
• Formulating an idea about the data to be collected
• Preparing suitable questions
• Effective communication
• Time management
• Proper organization of the information collected and preparing the report.

Observation :
Observation is the basic method of the study in Sociology. It is the truthful recording of things seen, heard and experienced. Participant observation and Non-participant observation are the two types of observation.

• Participant observation is a popular method of study in Sociology.
• Researcher collects data directly from the group or area of study.
• The sociologist stays with the group under study and learns directly about their life.
• The researcher learns their language and culture and becomes part of their daily life.
• Behaviour patterns not explicit can be subjected to study.
• Participant observation is also called Field work.
• In Non-participant observation, the observer does not collect data directly from the area of study or target group.
• In this, the sociologist does not stay with the group under study.
• Instead, he observes the group from outside.
• In this method, the observer adopts an impartial stand.

Case Study :
Case study is used to make an in-depth study of rare and different social phenomena and problems. Such studies will be exact and comprehensive. The topic under study using case study is called Case. Case study is the detailed study of the case. A precise and perfect case study has scientific value.

Question 2.
Arrange the table suitably.

Answer: