RBSE Class 8 English Grammar Conjunctions
RBSE Class 8 English Grammar Conjunctions
Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 8 English Grammar Conjunctions
परिभाषा- दो शब्दों (words), शब्द-समूहों (phrases) या उप-वाक्यों (clauses) को जोड़ने वाले शब्द/शब्दों को conjunction कहते हैं।
1, No sooner [ जैसे ही ] जब एक कार्य के तत्काल बाद दूसरा कार्य हुआ हो तब No SNOner का प्रयोग करते हैं। यह एक नकारात्मक (negative) शब्द हैं। इसके बाद अक्सर had या did सहायक क्रिया का प्रयोग होता है। कभी-कभी पहले वाक्य के अन्त में तथा दूसरे वाक्य के आरम्भ से तत्काल पूर्व कोमा (,) के बजाय than का प्रयोग भी होता है, जैसे-
Question 1.
……………… did I go out, the rain started. (No sooner/Notwithstanding)
OR
……………… did I go out than the rain started. (No sooner/Notwithstanding)
Answer:
No sooner
Question 2.
………………. had I gone out, the rain started. (No sooner/Notwithstanding)
OR
…………….. had I gone out than the rain started. (No sooner/Notwithstanding)
Answer:
No sooner
2. As Soon as [ जैसे ही ] जब एक कार्य के तत्काल बाद/तत्क्षण दूसरा कार्य आरम्भ हो गया हो तब as Soon as का प्रयोग करते हैं। यह एक सकारात्मक (positive) शब्द है। इसके साथ वाले आश्रित उपवाक्य के बाद कोमा (,) आता है तथा कोमा के बाद दूसरा (मुख्य) उपवाक्य आता है। जब मुख्य उपवाक्य पहले लिखा जाता है तब as soon as वाली आश्रित उपवाक्य लिखा जाता है तथा कोमे का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता है। जैसे
Question 1.
…………….. I have the information. I shall tell you. (No sooner/As soon as)
Answer:
As soon as
Question 2.
I shall tell you………I have the information. (no sooner/as soon as)
Answer:
as soon as
Question 3.
………………… I went out, the rain started. (No sooner/As soon as)
Answer:
As soon as
Question 4.
The rain started………I went out. (as soon as/no sooner)
Answer:
as soon as
3. Notwithstanding [ यद्यपि इस तथ्य के बावजूद भी ] यह compound subordinator of contrast (विरोधात्मकता वाला संयुक्त subordinator) है। although या in spite of the fact that (यद्यपि/इस तथ्य के बावजूद भी) आदि के अर्थ में प्रयोग होता है। यह किसी बाधा (hinderance) की ओर संकेत करता है।
Question 1.
It was the same material………..the texture seemed different. (notwithstanding/no sooner)
Answer:
notwithstanding
Question 2.
…………………. that the hall was packed with bullies, our champion played on steadily and patiently. (No sooner/Notwithstanding)
Answer:
Notwithstanding
4. So that/In order that [ताकि] 26 compound subordinator है यह उदेश्य बताने वाले sub-clause (आश्रित उपवाक्य) को आरम्भ करता है। So that अधिक Collmorn है। In order that औपचारिक (formal) है। So that/In order that वाले clause में can/will/may का प्रयोग हो सकता है या simple present tense का प्रयोग हो सकता है या would/could/should को प्रयोग हो सकता है या Very formal style ( बहुत औपचारिकता) के लिए might का प्रयोग हो सकता है,
Question 1.
He is getting lectures…… he can perfect his English. (so that/because)
Answer:
so that
Question 2.
I am making notes………..these will be helpful later. (in order that/because)
Answer:
in order that
Question 3.
We take monthly tests………..we may know our progress. (so that/because)
Answer:
so that
Question 4.
We’ll send it by post……….. he gets it before Sunday. (in order that/because)
Answer:
in order that
Question 5.
I helped them………..they wouldn’t feel alone. (so that/as soon as)
Answer:
so that
Question 6.
I played well………..I could be selected. (in order that/as soon as)
Answer:
in order that
Question 7.
We held meetings Sundays…………all the members on should be able to attend it. (so that/as soon as)
Answer:
so that
Question 8.
The judge verified the proofs…………the innocents might have justice.
Answer:
might
5. Because [ क्योकि के कारण] यह एक simple subordinator है। यह कारण – (reason या cause) बताने वाले sub-clause (आश्रित उपवाक्य) को आरम्भ करता है। जैसे-
Question 1.
He got late………his cycle got punctured. (because/so that)
Answer:
because
Question 2.
I shall go there………father is ill. (because/in order that)
Answer:
because
6. As long as/So long as [ जब तक] यह compound subordinator है। यह शर्त बताता हैं। यह शर्त बताने वाले Sub-clause (आश्रित उपवाक्य) को आरम्भ करता है। यह एक strong condition को अभिव्यक्त करता है, जैसे
Question 1.
You can use my book………..you keep it safe. (as long as/as soon as)
Answer:
as long as
Question 2.
The group had plenty to eat… they seemed to be happy. (so long as/as long as)
Answer:
so long as
Question 3.
…………….. you share the expenses, you are welcome to stay with us. (As long as/As soon as)
Answer:
As long as
7. As [ जब/क्योंकि (कारण)] यह एक simple subordinator है। यह समय बताने वाले sub-clause को आरम्भ करता है या कारण बताने वाले sub-clause (आश्रित उपवाक्य) को आरम्भ करता है। इन दोनों तरह के प्रयोग की स्थितियाँ निम्न प्रकार हैं
- ‘एक साथ अटित हो रहे दो कार्यो’ (two things happening at the same time) बताने (refer to) के लिए “as’, ‘while’ तथा ‘when’ का use करते हैं, जैसे
Question
Answer:
as (while/when)
- As’ और while ऐसे action को suggest करते हैं जो कुछ समय से जारी है। (Suggest something continuing for a period of time), simultaneous long actions कहनाते हैं।
Question
Answer:
While
Question
forest, they saw a lion. (As/So that)
Answer:
As
- केवल As का प्रयोग ऐसे कार्य बताने के लिए भी होता है जब एक कार्य में परिवर्तन के साथ दूसरे कार्य में भी परिवर्तन हो जाता है। ये simultaneous short actions कहलाते हैं।
Question
Answer:
As
- Adverb Clause of Reason में ‘as” का प्रयोग reason (कारण) के साथ तब किया जाता है जब reason (कारण), listener/reader को पहले से ही पता हो या जब कारण (reason), अपने वाक्य का most important part ( बहुत महत्वपूर्ण भाग ) नहीं हो। Asclause अक्सर वाक्य के आरम्भ में आता है। As clause, relatively formal होता है।
Question 1.
………………… it was raining, we had to stay at hostel. (So that/As)
Answer:
As
Question 2.
………………… he has not paid the bill, his electricity has been cut off. (So that/As)
Answer:
As
8. So, ……………….. that [ इतना…….कि] वह एक correlative subordinator है। यह परिणाम (result) बताने वाले sub-clause को आरम्भ करता है। 80 के बाद प्राय: adjective (विशेषण) या adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) होता है तथ that वाला clause परिणाम बताता है यह, सूचन को more emphatic बना देता है जैसे-
Question 1.
He is………………… weak that he can not walk. (so/either)
Answer:
So
Question 2.
He was………… weak that he could not walk (as/so)
Answer:
So
Question 3.
It moved……………… quickly that I didn’t see anything. (so/as)
Answer:
so
9. Either…..or [या तो ………………. या ] यह correlative Coordinator है। यह same grammatical class noun noun adjective adjective verb verb , advert को adverb से phrase को phrase से तथा clause से जोड़ता है इसमें दो विकल्प होते हैं। एक विकल्प से पहले either तथा दूसरे विकल्प से पहले or का प्रयोग होता हैं।
Question 1.
……………… Ram or Shyam will do it. (Either/As)
Answer:
Either
Question 2.
He may be …………………. wise or foolish. (either/as)
Answer:
either
Question 3.
He can’t ………………. read or write. (so that/either)
Answer:
either
Question 4.
She worked………. diligently or patiently. (either/so that)
Answer:
either
Question 5.
Hari went……….across the fields or into the woods. (either/because)
Answer:
either
Question 6.
……….. you must feel sorry or you will be punished. (Because/Either)
Answer:
Either
Exercise: 1
(Based on the road safety)
Fill in the blanks with correct conjunction from those given in the brackets :
Question 1.
…………….. did Mohan see the red light at the crossroads, he stopped his car. (No sooner/Notwithstanding)
Answer:
No sooner
Question 2.
You must keep to the left while driving …….. you may avoid an accident. (So that/because)
Answer:
so that
Question 3.
You should wear a helmet …….. you may avoid an accident. (so that/as soon as)
Answer:
so that
Question 4.
……… I saw the red light at the crossroads, I stopped my scooter. (As soon as/As long as)
Answer:
As soon as
Question 5.
………. I followed traffic rules, police couldn’t catch me. (As soon as/As long as)
Answer:
As long as
Question 6.
We should avoid drunk driving we can be safe. (so that/no sooner)
Answer:
so that
Question 7.
………. I crossed the ‘Stop Line’, the police find me. (Notwithstanding/As soon as)
Answer:
As soon as
Question 8.
There should be traffic signals ………. the drivers don’t get confused in order that/so)
Answer:
in order that
Question 9.
………. did I jump the red light, the police caught me (As soon as/No sooner)
Answer:
No sooner
Question 10.
A large number of people die in accidents………..that we a large number of traffic police. (notwithstanding/in order that)
Answer:
notwithstanding
Question 11.
People face accidents ………. they don’t follow traffic rules. (because/so that)
Answer:
because
Question 12.
………..drivers are alert, they don’t meet an accident. (No sooner/So long as)
Answer:
So long as
Question 13.
………. the unfit vehicles ply on the road, they cause accidents. (As/Either)
Answer:
As
Question 14.
Some drivers blow horn, repeatedly that other road users become panicky. (because/so)
Answer:
so
Exercise: 2
(Based on the road safety)
Fill in the blanks with correct conjunction from those given in the brackets :
Question 1.
………. had I accelerated than the vehicle became uncontrolled. (No sooner/As soon as)
Answer:
No sooner
Question 2.
I could save accident ……… I applied power break. (no sooner/as soon as)
Answer:
as soon as
Question 3.
………. that we have a lot of traffic rules, the violators are increasing, (So that/Notwithstanding)
Answer:
Notwithstanding
Question 4.
……….police or the road users are to ensure safety. (As/Either)
Answer:
Either
Question 5.
The roads are……….poorly maintained that the users face difficulties. (so/as)
Answer:
so
Question 6.
……….. no rigorous tests are being conducted, untrained drivers have been getting licence. (In order that/As)
Answer:
As
Question 7.
Pedestrians should cross the road………. through zebra-crossing or by over-bridge. (so long as/either)
Answer:
either
Question 8.
The vehicles rush forward…….there is green light. (as long as/as soon as)
Answer:
as soon as
Question 9.
A driver must have a licence.. she/he wants to drive a vehicle. (so long as/as)
Answer:
so long as
Question 10.
………. we follow road rules, we are not punished. (As long as/As soon as)
Answer:
As long as
Exercise: 3
(Based on the road safety)
Fill in the blanks with correct conjunctions from those given in the brackets :
Question 1.
Road users get raged……….others tease them by their violations of rules. (because/in order that)
Answer:
because
Question 2.
Helmet is worn………. death in accidents can be minimized. (because/in order that)
Answer:
in order that
Question 3.
Roads are repaired……….. smooth plying can be ensured. (so/so that)
Answer:
so that
Question 4.
Indian roads are………. rought that tyres worn away early. (so/so that)
Answer:
so
Question 5.
………. most of the drivers cross speed limit, they face problems. (So/As)
Answer:
As
Question 6.
………….. vehicles ply in their lanes, they don’t collide. (So that/So long as)
Answer:
So long as
Question 7.
Vehicles should have power break……….they can be stopped fast. (in order that/as)
Answer:
in order that
Question 8.
Police declare one way to some roads……….congestion can be lessened. (so that/because)
Answer:
so that
Question 9.
Pedestrians are safe……….they use the footpath. (either/as long as)
Answer:
as long as
Question 10.
We should undertake……….carpooling or public transport to save fuel. (either/as long as)
Answer:
either
Exercise: 4
Question 1.
Join the following sentences using so that.” Shruti works very hard. She may become rich soon.
Answer:
Shruti works very hard so that she may become rich soon.
Question 2.
Join the following underlined sentences using either ……. or’. It is raining. Please give me an umbrella you give me a rain coal
Answer:
It is raining Please give mc cither an umbrella or a rain coat.
Question 3.
Join the following underlined sentences using either ……. or. Both the brothers are intelligent. Please send Sudeep to study art in Jaipur. You send Kuldeep to study art in Jaipur.
Answer:
Both the brothers are intelligent. Please send either Sudeep or Kuldeep to study art in Jaipur.
Question 4.
Join the following underlined sentences using cither ……. or. Animals are good. Please stop caging them. You stop teasing them.
Answer:
Animals are good. Please stop either caging or teasing them.
Question 5.
Join the following underlined sentences using either ……. or Govt. schools are good. Please take admission to a K.G.B.V. You take admission to a General School
Answer:
Govt. schools are good. Please take admission either to a K.G.B.V or a General School
Question 6.
Join the following underlined sentences using “either …………….
OR
There is water shortage. Please harvest rainwater. You harvest river water.
Answer:
There is water shortage. Please harvest either rainwater or river water.
Question 7.
Join the following underlined sentences using ‘no sooner ……. that’. It so happened. I went out. The rain started.
Answer:
It so happened. No sooner did I go out than the rain started.
Question 8.
Join the following underlined sentences using. So ……. that’ It is a pity. He is weak. He cannot walk.
Answer:
It is a pity. He is so weak that he cannot walk.
Question 9.
Join the following underlined sentences using ‘notwithstanding It so happened. That she worked hard. Shc failed
Answer:
It so happened. Notwithstanding working hard she failed.
Question 10.
Join the following underlined sentences using because It is so. The animals went on strike. The visitors tcased them,
Answer:
It is so. The animals went on strike because the visitors teased them.
Question 11.
Join the following underlined sentences using as It was so. I had a sudden idea. I was trying to solve a puzzle.
Answer:
It was so. As I was trying to solve a puzzle, I had a sudden Idea.
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