RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Chapter 23 India after Independence
RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Chapter 23 India after Independence
Rajasthan Board Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Chapter 23 India after Independence
Rajasthan Board Class 8 Social Science Textbook Questions Solved
Question 1.
(i) Which one of the following is not a neighbouring country of India?
(a) Pakistan
(b) England
(c) China
(d) Nepal
(ii) Who was the first President of India?
(a) Dr. Radha Krishnan
(b) Bhim Rao Ambedkar
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(d) Vallabh Bhai Patel
Answer:
(i) (b)
(ii) (c)
Question 2.
Which commission was formed to determine the inter-state border lines?
Answer:
State Reorganisation Commission.
Question 3.
Who is the Chairman of NITI Aayog?
Answer:
Shri Arvind Pangariya.
Question 4.
Which princely states were included in Sanyukta Rajasthan?
Answer:
The princely states which formed the Sanyukta Rajasthan were Banswara, Kota, Bundi, Tonk, Jhalawar, Pratapgarh, Shahpura, Kishangarh and Dungarpur. It’s capital was Kota.
Question 5.
What is the contribution of Sindhi Refugees to the Society?
Answer:
The Sindhis displaced from Pakistan set up new cities and towns. They started their own business and industries in Ulhasnagar (Maharashtra), Gandhidham (Gujarat, Aadipur (Gujarat) etc.
Question 6.
Write a short note on relations of India with her neighbouring countries.
Answer:
When India and Pakistan were separated, a commission under the chairmanship of a British officer, Radcliff, was organised. It determined the boundary line between India and Pakistan. This line is today known as the Radcliff Line. The Indian states were free to join either Pakistan or India or remain independent. Kashmir ruler Maharaja Hari Singh along with other rulers had given their consent to merge with India, but Pakistan attempted to occupy Kashmir in the name of Muslim tribes but the Indian army pushed the Pakistan army and Tribes back, but it succeeded in having its unauthorised occupation over a part of Kashmir territory.
After the war of succession in 1948, there have been wars between India and Pakistan in 1965, 1971 and 1994. Though Pakistan has suffered a defeat every time yet the tension and unfriendly relations between India and Pakistan continue to exist. On the northern side our relations with China are not so friendly. China has occupied a large part of the Indian territory. We have good relations with other neighbouring nations such as Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Maldives. We have open boundaries with Nepal and Bhutan.
Question 7.
What is the contribution of Sardar Patel in the unification of India?
Answer:
The interim government of India set up a department under the chairmanship of Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel. He inspired the rulers of the Indian states to merge with India and suggested to keep in mind the geographical, economical and wishes of the people in mind. The rulers of Baroda and Bikaner were the first to join the Indian union. Nawab of Bhopal on the encouragement of India made a plan to merge with Pakistan by merging few rulers of the Rajasthan with him, but Rajasthan Mewar was in mid of their state and Pakistan hence, they sent their representative to contact Maharana of Mewar Bhoopal Singh, but he replied that my fore father have already given decision regarding the merger of Mewar, if treacherous would be done them. I would have large riyasats than Hyderabad.
In this way he set an example of patriotism and decided to merge with India and failed the plan of Jinnah of merging desi riyasat in Pakistan. Prior to 15th August, 1947, except Junagarh, Hyderabad and Kashmir, all the states gave their consent to join the Indian union. Later the Junagarh public revolted against the Nawab and Junagarh was merged with India. Hyderabad was merged with India after military action by Sardar Patel. Maharaja Hari Singh of Kashmir and the political parties too gave their consent to join the Indian union. In this way with the great efforts of Sardar Patel desi riyasats merged in Indian Union and rest of the India saved from disintegration. The way in which Sardar Patel showed his firm determination during whole incident because of it he was called ‘Iron Man’.
Question 8.
Describe the main challenges in front of India after independent.
Answer:
Challenges before the post independent India:
(i) Rehabilitation of about 70 to 80 lacs refugees who moved from Pakistan to India.
(ii) Integration of India i.e. accession of 562 Princely states to India.
(iii) Determining border lines with the neighbouring countries and having good and healthy relations with them.
(iv) Strengthening India economically.
(v) Promoting national unity by mitigating the prevailing linguistic, communal, racial and regional diversities.
Question 9.
Describe the incident occur at the time of re-organizatin of state after Independent in Indian.
Answer:
Post Independence Integration of India: Need for integration of India was necessitated by many factors such as varying size of different states i.e. either too large or too small in area and population and the large number of states i.e. more than 500 princely states which had to be merged with one state or the other. For solving this problem from administrative point of view, States Reorganisation Commission was formed. Decision was taken after discussions and consultations that the states should be reorganised on the basis of language. Accordingly, Madras was divided into Mysore, Andhra Pradesh and Madras. Later Madras was renamed Tamil Nadu. Mysore was renamed as Karnataka.
Bombay state was divided into Gujarat and Maharashtra, central province to Madhya Pradesh. Rajasthan whose integration process had already started, was affirmed as Rajasthan state. In 1966 Punjab and Haryana states were formed. In November 2000 Uttranchal now Uttarakhand was separated from Uttar Pradesh. Chhatisgarh has been separated from Madhya Pradesh, and similarly Jharkhand from Bihar. Currently by dividing Andhra Pradesh Telangana is formed. Same demand is raised to create Bundelkhand and Vidarbha States but these are not organized yet.
Question 10.
Describe the various steps of Rajasthan’s unification.
Answer:
Today’s Rajasthan was known as Rajputana prior to independence of India. There were many princely states in Rajputana. Their rulers administered under the directions and supervision of the British government. After Independence they were integrated to form Rajasthan. It was decided by the States Department that the princely states having population less than 10 lacs or income less than one crore should be merged with the neighbouring larger states. The whole process of merger began in 1948 and continued till 1956 given below. Status of Prime-Minister in all the princely states of the country was changed to Chief-Minister after India’s independence.
First step: It was Matsay Sangh, organised in 17-03-1948 by merging Alwar, Bharatpur, Dhaulpur and Karauli. Shobharam was its Prime Minister. Udaibhan Singh of Dhaulpur was the Raj Pramukh. Alwar was the capital of Matsay Sangh.
Second Step: Sanyukta Rajasthan was formed by merging Banswara, Kota, Bundi, Tonk, Jhalawar, Pratapgarh, Shahpura, Kishangarh and Dungarpur and two chief Kusalgarh and Lava were included on 25.03.1948. Its capital was Kota, Gokul Lai Aasawa was the Prime Minister, Bheem Singh was Raj Pramukh. After three weeks Mewar or Udaipur also merged in it, Udaipur was its capital.
Third Step: Manikya Lai Verma became Prime Minister (Chief Minister) and Bhoopal Singh of Mewar as Raj Pramukh.
Fourth Step: Vrihat Rajasthan was formed on 30-03-1949 by merging Jaipur, Jodhpur, Jaisalmer and Bikaner. Jaipur was its capital, Heera Lai Shastri was the Chief Minister (Prime Minister). Man Singh, Jaipur was Raj Pramukh. After enforcement of Indian constitution in whole country Prime Ministers of the states were called as Chief Minister.
Fifth Step: Vrohat Rajasthan was enlarged by merging, Matsay Sangh in 15-05¬1949. Its capital continued to be Jaipur, Hiralal Shastri as the Chief Minister, Mansingh Jaipur as Raj Pramukh. Till now only Sirohi was left which was not merged in Rajasthan.
Sixth Step: When India’s first Republic day was being celebrated. At that time expect Dilwara and Abu region rest Sirohi become the part of Rajasthan, state Reorganisation Commission organised by the Indian government ordered to merge region of Ajmer Merwada in Rajasthan in 1956.
Along Sunel and Tappa of Madhya Pradesh, Dilwara and Abu Sirohi tehsils were also made the part of Rajasthan. The Sirohi of Rajasthan was merged with Madhya Pradesh. In this way present Rajasthans unification was done on 1st November 1956, but Rajasthan Diwas is celebrated on 30 March on the basis of Vrihat Rajasthan.
Question 11 .
What were the problems of integration of Princely States of India?
Answer:
In British India there were two types of states in Indian Empire.
(i) The state ruled over by the British Governor.
(ii) Desi riyasats (provincial States) ruled over by the Indian kings under the British. These provincial states were located in all the parts of India. Amongst them few had very large area while few were very small. These riyasats were under the British Empire by the pacts and agreements.
British-divided India at the time of making it free, divided all regions in two nations Bharat and Pakistan. British ended all the pacts done with riyasats before, and left their rights over them and give them right that to either join Pakistan or India or to remain independent. It made the condition typical because rulers of some riyasats wanted to remain free while some wanted to merge with Pakistan.
Though these Riyasats located in the centre of the India and subject of here too wanted to merge with India. Due to such step of these rulers there could be danger to the integrity of India. So to sort out this problem, the interim government of India set up a riyasat a deparment under the chairmanship of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. He inspired the rulers of the Indian states to merge with India and suggested to keep in mind the geographical, economical and wishes of the people in mind.
RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Additional Questions Solved
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The first president of Niti Aayog Arvind Pangaria belong to ………. district of Rajasthan.
(a) Jaipur
(b) Bhilwara
(c) Ajmer
(d) Jodhpur
Question 2.
…. is called the Iron Man of India.
(a) Jawaliarlal Nehru
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Lai Bahadur Shastri
(d) Sardar Patel
Question 3.
The constituent assembly was organised in
(a) 1946
(b) 1948
(c) 1945
(d) 1946
Question 4.
The latest state of India is
(a) Jharkhand
(b) Chhattisgarh
(c) Uttrakhand
(d) Telangana
Answer:
1. (b)
2. (d)
3. (a)
4. (d)
Question 5.
Discuss the facts about constituent assembly.
Answer:
Few facts about constituent assembly:
(i) On 9th December, 1946 the first meeting of the constituent Assembly was held in the Central Hall of Lok Sabha.
(ii) It had 389 members.
(iii) After the creation of Pakistan on June 3, 1947, 299 members were left in the Constituent Assembly.
(iv) 17 samities were formed for preparing the constitution. Dr. Bhimrao Ambed- kar was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution.
(v) On 26th November, 1949 the Constitution was notified, dedicated and adopted.
(vi) Finally on 26th January, 1950 it was enforced in the country.
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