RBSE Solutions for Class 9 Rajasthan Adhyayan Chapter 4 Economic System of Rajasthan
RBSE Solutions for Class 9 Rajasthan Adhyayan Chapter 4 Economic System of Rajasthan
Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 9 Rajasthan Adhyayan Chapter 4 Economic System of Rajasthan
TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The largest state of India, area wise is
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Bihar
Answer:
(c).
Question 2.
Percentage of rail routes of India passing through Rajasthan is
(a) 11%
(b) 15%
(c) 8%
(d) 17%
Answer:
(a).
Question 3.
The important national highway from the defence point of view in Rajasthan is
(a) National Highway No. 8
(b) National Highway No. 12
(c) National Highway No. 14
(d) NationalHighwayNo. 11
Answer:
(d).
Question 4.
The International airport in Rajasthan is
(a) Daboc
(b) Ratanada
(c) Sanganer
(d) Kota
Answer:
(c).
Question 5.
The biggest multipurpose river valley project of India is
(a) Bisalpur
(b) Mahi Bajaj
(c) Vyas
(d) BhakraNangal
Answer:
(d).
Question 6.
As regards production of Bajra, Rajasthan stands
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth
Answer:
(a).
Question 7.
The 20 point programme of Rajasthan was introduced in
(a) 1982
(b) 1975
(c) 1986
(d) 1991
Answer:
(a).
Question 8.
NREGA in India was launched in-
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Gujarat
Answer:
(c).
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is the area of Rajasthan?
Answer:
The area of Rajasthan is 3,42,239 Sq. km.
Question 2.
What is the number of main national highway in Rajasthan?
Answer:
Seven National Highways pass through Rajasthan.
Question 3.
How many types of basic infrastructures are there?
Answer:
There are two types of basic infrastructures.
Question 4.
Name the conventional sources of energy.
Answer:
The conventional sources of energy are Hydro electricity, Thermal power and Atomic power.
Question 5.
What is Multipurpose river valley project?
Answer:
Multipurpose River valley project is a project aiming at many purposes such as generation of electricity, supply of water for drinking, irrigation and fishing, facilitates tree plantation, solves the famine and drought conditions as well as promotes regional development.
Question 6.
What is the total length of the Indira Gandhi Canal Project?
Answer:
Total length of the Indira Gandhi Canal Project is 649 km.
Question 7.
Name the main large scale industries of Rajasthan.
Answer:
Main large scale industries of Rajasthan are Cement factory, Sugar mill, Cotton textile industry, Salt industry, Glass industry etc.
Question 8.
When was NREGA named MNREGA?
Answer:
NREGA was named MNREGA on 2nd Oct., 2009
Question 9.
When was Harit Rajasthan started in Rajasthan?
Answer:
Harit Rajasthan was started on June 18, 2009 in Rajasthan.
Question 10.
What is social audit?
Answer:
Social Audit a process of sharing with public through a public platform a detailed report of both the financial and non-financial resources used for the development works by the public institutions.
Question 11.
What is the state treasury deficit?
Answer:
When the government income is less than its expense- the government nas to get loan from the public to meet this difference This is called government/state treasury deficit.
Question 12.
What was the individual per capita income in Rajasthan in 2010-2011(FY)?
Answer:
Per capita income (individual) in Rajasthan in 2011 (FY) was Rs. 39,967 at current prices.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is infrastructural development?
Answer:
Basic Infrastructural Development includes transport, electricity and communications. Besides, irrigation also forms a part of basic infrastructure because development of agriculture depends upon irrigation.
Question 2.
Write about the types of roads in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Types of Roads in Rajasthan:
- National Highways
- State Highways
- Main District Roads
- Other District Roads
- Rural Roads
Length of the Tarcoal roads in 2010-2011 was
| S.No. | Type of Roads | Length |
| 1. | National Highways | 5724 |
| 2. | State Highways | 11866 |
| 3. | Main District Roads | 7829 |
| 4. | Other District Roads | 24480 |
| 5. | Rural Roads | 139135 |
| Total | 189034 |
Question 3.
What is Rajasthan Road Vision?
Answer:
Rajasthan Road Vision:
Rajasthan Road Vision 2005 has been prepared to overhaul the roads of Rajasthan. This long term vision has been prepared by the Public Works Department for the development of roads in the state during the first 25 years of 21st Century. It has laid emphasis not only on the development of roads but also on their maintenance and quality. During the first 15 years all the villages will be connected with roads and during the next 10 years emphasis will be on Express ways, Fly-over, four lane state highways etc, and the development of new road links for the places of significance for religion, tourism, mining and industries. As regards road transport, Rajasthan can be considered a Model State.
Question 4.
Write about the sources of irrigation in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Sources of irrigation in Rajasthan are mainly canals, ponds, wells and tubewells. Maximum of irrigation is done by means of canals and wells. Wells and tube wells are the best source of irrigation. Area irrigated by means of canals in Rajasthan is less because of absence of the perennial canals. The south-eastern, plateau and rocky parts are irrigated through water from ponds.
Question 5.
Write a note on SEZ.
Answer:
SEZ i.e., Special Economic Zone has been marked in Rajasthan for the industrial development and generation of employment. SEZ is a specially marked area for industrial services and trade. It is given the Deemed Foreign territory status and is exempted from Excise duty and other duties. SEZ is in the process for Gems and Jewellery at Sitapura (Jaipur) in Rajasthan. Besides SEZ is being established at Jodhpur for Handicraft and Gwar gum units. In Jaipur RICCO and Mahindra Life Space Developer Limited are processing for SEZ under the Public Private Partnership (PPP) on the Jaipur-Ajmer National Highway.
Question 6.
Which are the main crops of Rajasthan?
Answer:
Main crops of Rajasthan:
- Rabi crops are wheat, Gram, Barley, Mustard, Linseed, Sugarcane, Taramira, Cuminseed, Corriander, Potato, Peas, Opium.
- Kharif Crops: Rice, Jwar, Bajra, Maize, Groundnut, Seasame, Soybean, Moong, Moth, Arhar, Sunflower etc.
Question 7.
What are the main characteristics of MNREGA?
Answer:
Characteristics of MNREGA:
- Its emphasis is to assure 100 days job in a financial year to one member of each rural family.
- 90% expenditure for giving employment is borne by the Central government and 10% by the State government.
- Gram Panchayat will give employment within 15 days of application otherwise the applicant shall get the unemployment allowance.
- There is a provision to make available child home, Drinking water, Primary health aid and shade at The MNREGA place of work. A citizen information board with details of work at the work place will be displayed.
- Labourers working at the work place shall be enrolled in the register. The place of work shall be open for inspection.
- Jeewan Beema Yojana will be made available to the worker of MNREGA.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Describe the progress of transport sector in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Progress of transport in Rajasthan:
Transport plays a significant role in the economic development. Its utility increases during the time of natural crisis and the war. It has even cultural significance. It includes road, rail and air transportation. During the last few years Rajasthan has made a fast progress in transport sector.
Road Transport under the planned development:
The road transport has been expanded. The length of tar coal roads in 1950-51 in Rajasthan was 17339 km. which was extended to 189034 Ian in 2010-11. These roads include National Highways (5724 km.) State Highways (11866 km.), other district roads (24480 km.), Rural roads (139136 km.). Rajasthan has seven National Highways, five of them are the most important and the busiest highways.
In 1964 the Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation was established as a constitutional body, On 25th Dec., 2000 Prime Minister declared the Pradhanmantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) to link all the villages by road.
Rajasthan Road Vision 2025 has been prepared to overhaul the road transport, This long term vision aims at the fast development of roads. Rajasthan is considered the Model State as regards road transport.
Rail Transport:
Presently rail transport is the biggest public enterprise of the government of India. Development of rails in Raj dsthan is the responsibility of the Central government Only 11 % of the total rail routes of India are in Rajasthan. In March 2002 the length of rail routes was 9.4% of the total rail routes length in India. The Broad gauge rails length in Rajasthan is 51.4% of the total length whereas it is 71.4% at the national level. In March 2008 total length of rail routes in the state was 5683.01 km. and the share of the Broadgauge was 68.37%, of the metre gauge 30. I 0% and of the narrow gauge 1.53%. On 31st March 2008 the average length of the rail routes per one thousand sq. km. in the state was 16.61 km.
Air Transport:
Prior to independence, development of air transport in Rajasthan was negligible. There was only the Jodhpur airport. In 1947 Bikaner-Jodhpur air service was started. After independence in 1947 the air transport was nationalised. It is the Civil Aviation Department which administers and regulates air transport. Main air services in India are Air India and Indian Air Lines. There are many private ai rlines too. Presently the state has Sanganer (Jaipur), Ratanada (Jodhpur) and Dabok (Udaipur) airports. Sanganer airport of Jaipur is of international level.
Question 2.
Describe the major trends of Industrial Development in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Rajasthan Towards Industrial Development:
Rajasthan is the land of many industrial houses. It has given birth to many big industrialists as steel king, Laxmi Niwas Mittal, Birla, Dalmia, Singhania, Bangar, Poddar etc. They have earned a great name and fame in India and abroad.
The government has laid a special emphasis through five years plans on the development of basic infrastructures and social structure. There are central government enterprises too in the state.
The backward districts of the state have been benefitted by the Central government subsidy scheme. The State Government has been making all efforts to attract the entrepreneurs from within India and abroad.
On 23rd and 24th Sept., 2000 the Rajasthan government organized in Jaipur the International Rajasthani Sammelan 2000, on the occasion of the Swam Jayanti of the state. The big industrialists are now attracted to invest in Rajasthan with a big change in the infrastructure of the state. Besides the state is rich in human and natural resources required for the industrial development.
If the mineral based industries are developed in the State, Rajasthan can be one of the industrially developed states of India.
Share of Industries in the State Gross Domestic product has increased from 27.8% in 2000-2001, to 29.7% in 2005-2006 though it has not shown much satisfactory progress in the later years.
Industrial Growth Rate:
In 2005-2006, the percentage growth rate of the mining and investment sector was 12.09% but the global recession of 2008 did affect adversely the economy of Rajasthan too.
Effect of Global recession on Rajasthan:
The Gross State Domestic product which was 6.70% in 2005-2006, fell to 5.48% in 2008-2009, at the constant prices. In the financial year 2008-2009 the mining and investment growth rate fell to 3.21%.
Registered Factories:
Their number has risen in the state from 9665 in 1987 to 10001 in 2007.
Development of small industries:
The State government has paid a special attention to develop the small industries and thereby to generate employment opportunities. In 1975-1976 the registered units of small industries in Rajasthan was 20102 and it touched the figure of 3.20 lacs in 2008-2009. The number of persons employed in small industries has arisen to 13.16 lakhs from 1.76 lakh in 1975-76. The capital investment has increased to Rs. 8888.21 crore from Rs. 72.37 crore in 2008-2009.
Khadi and Gramudyog:
In order to promote the Khadi and Gramudyog in the state, Fashion For Development Yojana is in operation. There has been an improvement in the quality of Khadi textile. In 2008-2009 the production of Khadi was valued at Rs. 18.14 crore and, of Gramoudyog at Rs. 301. 79 crore.
Industrial Production:
Presently Rajasthan has units of cotton and synthetic fibres, woollen, sugar, cement, television and tyre tube factories, vegetable oil mills. Engineering industrial units, large and medium minerals based units. Rajasthan imports mainly emerald, ornaments, textile, mechanical goods, readymade garments. Handicrafts, chemicals, agricultural products, minerals based goods.
There are 36 industrial products in Rajasthan. A few statistics for the industrial products in 2008 are as vegetable oil 57480 tons, edible oil – 120866 tons, cotton textile – 20340 lakh metre, synthetic thread 536.60 lakh kg. Urea – 371883 tons, sulphuric acid – 594045 tons, cement 101.20 lakh tons, water meter 89592 etc. The above facts prove that Rajasthan is progressing fast in respect of industrial development.
Question 3.
Discuss the role of agriculture in the economy of Rajasthan.
Answer:
Role of Agriculture in the Rajasthan economy:
Agriculture plays a significant role in the economy of Rajasthan. According to the 2011 census share of the rural population in the total population of the sate was 75.05%. The Rural population depends upon agriculture for its livelihood. The reporting area of Rajasthan for the land use in 2008 was 34270 thousand hectare. Out of it the gross agricultural area was 22208 thousand hectare which was 64.80% of the reporting area. In 2007-2008 the gross irrigated area from different sources was 8088 thousand hectare which was 36.42% of the total agricultural area.
Contributions of agriculture and related areas in the Gross State Domestic Product: Gross SDP is the monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a state in a specific period. In the financial year 2005-2006, the contribution of agriculture, industries and services in Gross Domestic product of the state was 27.52%, 29.72% and 42.76% respectively. For the financial year 2008-2009, the estimated figures were 27.19%, 28.80% and 44.01%- respectively for agriculture, industries and services.
Agriculture Growth Rate:
The growth rate of agriculture and related services is having unfluctuating trend. In 2005-2006 the growth rate of agriculture and related activities was negative i.e. 0.88% and it fose to 6.12% in 2008-2009. Under the planned development there has been an increase in the foodgrains production, but there is a fluctuating trend mainly because of dependence of agriculture on monsoons. In 1960-61, the foodgrains production was 45.41 lakh tonnes which was raised to 109.35 lakh tonnes in 1990-91 and to 159.53 lakh tonnes (Provisional) in 2008-2009.
As regards of Bajra, Rajasthan holds the first place. l/3rd of the Bajra production in the country comes from Rajasthan. Maize contributes l/8th share to the total Maize production in the country. Rajasthan is the largest producer of Barley in the country, only next to Uttar Pradesh.
Thus agriculture contributes largely to the economic growth of the state.
Question 4.
Explain the significance of Harit Rajasthan in the context of climate change.
Answer:
Today the global environmental balance has been disturbed due to quick climate changes. Natural resources are being excessively exploited. The temperature is constantly rising. The developed and the developing nations are responsible for increase in carbon emission. It is a matter of concern for the whole of India too. Rajasthan being a part of India, cannot remain unaffected, especially when the western Rajasthan is desert and sandy. It has high temperature and there is an uncertainty of monsoons. Famine and Drought fire the major problems.Total Area under forests in Rajasthan in 2005-2006 was 32,627 Sq. km. constituting 9.54%-of the total area. Forests play a significant role in maintaining environmental equilibrium.
In order to find solution to the environmental challenges and climatic changes, the State government launched on 18th June, 2009 Harit Rajasthan Campaign by planting saplings in Shiksha Sankul premises. This Harit Rajasthan campaign is not for one year but it is for five years and is scheduled to be continued for indefinite period. Thus it is a continuous process. Harit Rajasthan is such a campaign of state government which will expand the forest area rapidly in the years to come. On the initiative of Chief Minister, Harit Rajasthan has been linked with MNREGA. This will ascertain the participation of rural citizens in v tree-plantation and will generate employment for the poor in villages.
On 12th August, 2009 a new record has been set in Kheplaroo Village of Dungarpur by planting 6 lakh saplings.
The state government has taken an initiative by giving employment as ‘Van Mitar’ to the youths. For the safety of the tigers in Rajasthan, The Tiger Conservation Force has been organised under the centrally sponsored scheme. DNA test process has been started in Ranthambor and Sariska to overcome obstacles to progency of the tigers. Ranthambor National park (Sawai Madhopur) is listed among the best Tiger Project zones.
In order to save the medicinal plants from being extinct, the state government has been taking steps to conserve the medicinal plants. The forest employees are being trained in the Forestry Conservation Institution for conserving the medicinal plants especially Google, Saalar, Safed Musali, Beejasaal etc.
Under The Harit Rajasthan Campaign, about 2.50 crore saplings have been planted in 50 thousand hectare by Oct. 2009. About 44772 saplings have been planted by the road sides. Even the Private organisations, voluntary organisations, trusts and educational institutions are playing a great role to make Rajasthan Harit Plan a success. Its complete success depends upon monsoons. Harit Rajasthan is the greater campaign of tree plantation. It will be surely, a great step towards bringing more land under forest cover. This campaign will become a source of inspiration for other states too and will lay the foundation of the Harit Bharat. By continuing to working for such a campaign the problem of climate change can be solved to a great extent.
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS SOLVED
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
It is one of the conventional sources of energy
(a) Hydro electricity
(b) Nuclear energy
(c) Thermal power
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d).
Question 2.
Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation was established in
(a) 1964
(b) 1966
(c) 1960
(d) 1984
Answer:
(a).
Question 3.
As regards population Rajasthan holds
(a) 5th place
(b) 6th place
(c) 7th place
(d) 8th place
Answer:
(d).
Question 4.
Jawaharsagar dam was constructed under the
(a) Mahi Bajaj Sagar Project
(b) Chambal Project Beesalpur
(c) Jakham Irrigation Project
(d) Irrigation Project
Answer:
(b).
Question 5.
The oldest factory of Rajasthan
(a) Cement factory
(b) Cotton textile factory
(c) Sugar factory
(d) Glass factory
Answer:
(b).
Question 6.
Harit Rajasthan Yojana was introduced in Rajasthan in
(a) May, 2009
(b) May, 2008
(c) June, 2009
(d) July, 2009
Answer:
(c).
Question 7.
It is one of the main items of the 20 point programme
(a) Distribution of surplus land
(b) Drinking water facility
(c) Integrated Rural Employment Yojana
(d) All of the above.
Answer:
(d).
Question 8.
The Indian economy was affected by the global recession in
(a) 2006
(b) 2007
(c) 2008
(d) 2009
Answer:
(c).
Question 9.
It is not one of the Rabi crops of Rajasthan
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Mustard
(d) Wheat
Answer:
(a).
Question 10.
According to 2011 population census the percentage of rural population of the total population of Rajasthan is
(a) 70%
(b) 72.07%
(c) 75.07%
(d) 78.07%
Answer:
(c).
Question 11.
The literacy percentage in Rajasthan as per 20il census is
(a) 67.06
(b) 59.02
(c) 60.41
(d) 60.06
Answer:
(a).
Question 12.
Indira Gandhi Canal Project was known as the Rajasthan Canal Project till
(a) 2nd November 1980
(b) 20th November 1984
(c) 2nd November 1984
(d) 2nd November 1985
Answer:
(c).
Question 13.
It is not one of the centrally sponsored projects in Rajasthan
(a) Swaran Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana
(b) Apana Gaon Apana Kaam Yojana
(c) Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana
(d) Indira Aawas Yojana
Answer:
(b).
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
On whose recommendation is the central monetary assistance transferred to the states?
Answer:
It is on the recommendation of the Central Finance Commission that money is transferred to the states.
Question 2.
What is Revenue deficit?
Answer:
When the state revenue in a financial year is less than its expenditure, it is known as the revenue deficit.
Question 3.
Which sectors are included to find out G.D.P. (Gross Domestic Product)?
Answer:
Three sectors are included to find out G.D.P. i.e. Agriculture, Industry and Services.
Question 4.
Who publishes the budget passed by the state legislature?
Answer:
When the budget has been passed by the state legislature, it is published by the Economic and Statistical Directorate.
Question 5.
Who takes care of the development of National Highways?
Answer:
It is the National Highway Authority which looks after the development of the National Highways.
Question 6.
Which is area wise the largest state of India?
Answer:
Areawise Rajasthan is the largest state of India.
Question 7.
Name the non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer:
Non-Conventional sources of energy are Bio-gas,.Solar energy, Wind energy etc.
Question 8.
What is the full form of MGNREGA?
Answer:
Full form of MGNREGA is Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act.
Question 9.
Which is the Mewat region of Rajasthan?
Answer:
The Mewat Region of Rajasthan includes Alwar, Bharatpur with Mev population.
Question 10.
In which districts of Rajasthan is the Border Area Development Programme being conducted?
Answer:
The Border Area Development Programme is being conducted in four districts of Rajasthan—Barmer, Jaisalmer, Bikaner and Sanganer.
Question 11.
When was the Ganganagar Sugar Mill established?
Answer:
Ganganagar Sugar Mill was established in 1938.
Question 12.
Who is running the Fashion For Development Yojana in the state?
Answer:
Fashion For Development Yojana is being run by The Khadi and Gramudyog.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Define GDP.
Answer:
GDP (Gross Domestic Product): It is the monetary value of all the finished goods produced within a country/state in a specific period. It includes three sectors i.e. agriculture, industry and services.
Question 2.
Write about Job card in reference to MNREGA.
Answer:
Under MNREGA, all the adult members of a rural family, who are unskilled manual workers and are willing to work, have the right to employment. Such families shall apply to the Gram Panchayat for the Job card. The Gram Panchayat shall certify the age and local residence of the applicant and after that will issue to that family the Job card with the photo affixed on it. Job card should remain with the family. Job card holder — male/female can apply to the Gram Panchayat for work. Women have 33% share in MNREGA.
Question 3.
Enumerate 20 items of the 20 point programme introduced in Rajasthan.
Answer:
20 items of the 20 point programme are:
- Fully Rural Employment Yojana.
- Distribution of Surplus Land.
- Drinking water facility.
- Community Health Centre.
- Primary Health Centre.
- Vaccination.
- ICDS
- Aanganwadis.
- Help to the scheduled caste families.
- Help to the scheduled tribes families.
- Indira Aawas Yojana.
- Avas for the economically weaker sections.
- Improvement of slums.
- Tree-plantation on private land.
- Area acquired under public and forest land.
- Rural electrification
- Energised pumpsets.
- Improvised Ovens.
- Avas for the low income groups.
- Bio-gas plant.
Question 4.
Write notes on
- Revenue Receipts and Expenditure.
- Capital Receipts and Capital Expenditure.
Answer:
- Revenue Receipts/Revenue Expenditure:
Revenue receipt is the income of the government from taxes. Revenue Expenditure means expenses on government employees’ salaries, subsidy and interest amount. - Capital Receipts/Capital Expenditure:
Capital receipts mean all types of income from the sale of assets ,as shares, interest received on the amount given as loan etc. Capital Expenditure includes money spent on purchase of capital as shares and interest to be paid for the loan taken.
Question 5.
What is the aim of Rural Development and poverty alleviation programmes?
Answer:
The aim of rural development and poverty alleviation programmes is to remove rural poverty, promote structural development for the social and economic development of the villages, to generate maximum of employment, eliminate rural disparities and better the social and economic life of the poor.
Question 6.
Name the main rail route of Rajasthan.
Answer:
Rail Routes of Rajasthan Jaipur-Mumbai rail route, Jodhpur-Hawara rail routes, Delhi-Ahmedabad rail route, Udaipur-Delhi rail route, Bikaner-Delhi rail route, Jaipur-Delhi rail route, Jaipur-Ganganagar rail route, Phulera-Delhi rail route, Jaipur-Sawai Madhopur rail route, Jaipur-Agra rail route, Jaipur-Jammutawi rail route, Jodhpur-Guwahati rail route, Jaipur-Luharu rail route, Jaipur-Chennai rail route, Jodhpur-Hardwar rail route.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Write a brief note on the centrally sponsored schemes for the rural development and eradication of poverty in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Centrally Sponsored scheme in Rajasthan:
1. Swaran Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana:
It was introduced by the govt, of India on 1st April, 1999 with an aim to make available to the poor the adequate means of livelihood. Under this programme the rural B.P.L. families have been included.
2. Indira Avas Yojana:
It was launched on 1st Jan., 1996 with an aim to provide housing facility to the rural B.P.L. families. This scheme is being implemented by the District Rural Development Authority or the Zila Parishads.
3. Jawahar Gram Samiridhi Yojana:
It is the enlarged form of the existing Jawahar Rojgar Yojana. The financial sharing by the central and the state government is in 75:25 proportion. Its main aim is to help the gramins to acquire properties and to give employment to the unemployed.
4. Maru Vikas Yojana:
The Maru Development programme is in operation in Rajasthan since 1.4.1995 under the water shed programme. In the beginning the financial aid from the central government was 100%, but from 1st April, 1999 it has been cut short to 75%.
5. Drought Prone Area Programme:
It is in operation since 1.4.95 on the water shed basis.
6. Integrated Desert (Barren) Land Development Programme:
It came into force in 1992-1993.
7. Border Area Development Programme:
This programme is being implemented in the four bordering districts i.e. Barmer, Jaisalmer, Bikaner and Ganganagar keeping in view the security reasons. Besides the basic development other programmes are related to construction of roads, electrification, drinking water, health, education facilities etc.
8. M.P. Area Develoment Programme:
It is fully centrally sponsored scheme started in 1992-93. Its main aim is to provide basic facilities for the development of the local area.
9. Bio-gas Programme:
This is being implemented since 1981 by the Rural Development Department in the rural areas which are not equipped with the Conventional sources of energy and if available, they are not financially affordable.
10. Bonded Labour:
It is a main constituent of the 20 point programme. Its main purpose is to conduct search for the bonded labourers to free and rehabilitate them. Besides the bonded labourers are given agricultural land and they are given priority under the Swaran Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana and Indira Avas Yojana.
11. Jeevan Dhara:
Till 1995-96 Jeevan Dhara Yojana formed a part of the Jawahar Rojgar Yojana. Presently it is being run independently. Under this scheme the small farmers are given cent percent grant for the construction of wells and other small irrigation works.
12. Twenty Point Programme:
It was introduced in Rajasthan in 1975. This programme is directly related with the removal of poverty. It has been amended in 1982 and 1986 by the Central government.
Twenty items of this Programme are:
- Fully Rural Employment Yojana.
- Distribution of Surplus Land.
- Drinking water facility.
- Community Health Centre.
- Primary Health Centre.
- Vaccination.
- ICDS
- Aanganwadis.
- Help to the scheduled caste families.
- Help to the scheduled tribes families.
- Indira Aawas Yojana.
- Avas for the economically weaker sections.
- Improvement of slums.
- Tree-plantation on private land.
- Area acquired under public and forest land.
- Rural electrification
- Energised pumpsets.
- Improvised Ovens.
- Avas for the low income groups.
- Bio-gas plant.
13. District Poverty eradication Project:
This project was launched in Rajasthan in July 2000 with the collaboration of The World Bank. It is in operation in seven districts, namely Baran, Churu, Dausa, Dhaulpur. Jhalawar, Rajsamand and Tonk.
Question 2.
Give a brief description of the Rajasthan State Schemes for the rural development and poverty eradication.
Answer:
State Plans for Development and Poverty Eradication
1. Aapana Gaon Aapana Kaam Yojana:
This plan was introduced in Jan. 1991 with an aim to encourage and promote participation of the people in the local programmes and process of development. Under this plan minimum of 30% amount in the form of public cooperation is to be contributed for the community development by the rurals, donors, NGOs etc. and 50% amount is given out of the plan allocation. If the proposed activities are given approval, the remaining amount is also given from the Yojana fund.
2. Battis Districts — Battis Kaam Yojana:
In 1991-92 this scheme was introduced in all the 33 districts of the state to assure maximum of public participation in the local development activities and to make maximum use of the local resources.
3. MLA Local Area Development Programme:
It was introduced in 1999-2000. Under this programme each MLA gives suggestions to the district collector every year, for the development works in his area.
4. Dang Region Development Yojana:
Dang region is the region of long deep valley of Chambal and its auxiliary valleys. For the development of this Dang region the Rajasthan government introduced in 1995-1996 the Dang Region Development Programme.
5. Mewat Region Development Programme:
It was introduced in 1987-1988 for the development of Mewat area in Alwar and Bharatpur. Mewar area is inhabited by the Mew population.
6. Vanprasth Yojana:
In order to utilize the services of the retired persons, voluntarily, this plan has been introduced. Under this scheme the retired person can voluntarily, offer his services.
7. Magara Region Development Programme:
It has been started for the integrated development of the backward and the hilly areas of Rajasthan, Bhilwara, Ajmer and Pali districts of the state. Its main aim is to develop basic facilities and to generate employment.
8. Rajiv Gandhi Conventional Water Resources Conservation Programme:
This innovative Yojana was introduced to increase the underground water and to conserve the rain water. Under this plan the conventional water storage resources as wells, Bawadis, Tankas, Ponds, Joharas, Nadis etc. are repaired for the water conservation. The state govt, and the public share expenses in the ratio of 70:30.
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