RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Physical Education Chapter 3 Effect of Physical Exercise on Human Body

RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Physical Education Chapter 3 Effect of Physical Exercise on Human Body

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 Physical Education Chapter 3 Effect of Physical Exercise on Human Body

Textbook Questions Solved

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is neck?
Answer:
Neck is the part of the body which separates the head from the trunk.

Question 2.
What is a cell in human body?
Answer:
The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life.

Question 3.
What is meant by voluntary muscles?
Answer:
Voluntary Muscles: They are under the control of our will and can be contracted and expanded as per our will, in order to produce movement in the desired organ. The muscles of the limbs, trunk and face are under the control of the will and are described as the voluntary muscles.

Question 4.
What is the main function of digestive system?
Answer:
It helps in the process of digestion. The chemical process of changing food into simple soluble elements and assimilating in blood, is known as Digestion.

Class 10 Physical Education RBSE Solutions Chapter 3 Effect of Physical Exercise on Human Body Essay Type Questions

Question 1.
How many kinds of tissues are there in the human body? What is the effect of exercises on it?
Answer:
Tissues: A tissue is a group of cells that have a similar shape and function. Different types of tissues can be found in different organs.

In humans, there are four basic types of tissue :

1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscular and
4. Nervous tissue

Epithelial tissue: Epithelial tissue covers the surface of the body. It forms the lining for most internal cavities. Its main function is to provide protection to inner lining of organs such as-face, skin, intestine, lungs, blood veins. The skin is an organ made of epithelial tissue, which protect the body from dirt, dust, bacteria etc.

• Connective tissue : It is most widely distributed tissue in the human body. Its main example is bones.
• Muscular tissue : Muscular tissue varies with function and location in the body.
• Nervous tissue : It is the main tissue composing of two parts of the nervous system: Spinal cord and brain.

Exercises and games affect both the physical and mental components of the body. It helps in the better growth of bones and muscles. It helps in the better functioning of the body. During exercise the flow of blood to the various organs and regions of the body is increased. The strength of the body is also increased. Further it increases the immunity of the body to diseases. But of course, good exercise should also be backed by a healthy diet.

Question 2.
Describe the human skeletal system in detail.
Answer:
The Skeletal system is the collection of bones in the body and the connective tissues such as Tendons, Ligaments and the Cartilage.

The bones consist of cells, fibres and inorganic salts. The bones are tough, hard and spongy. We can move our body as and when required because of the muscles attached to the joints of the bones. If skin muscles and organs of the body are removed, only the bony structure is left.

Composition of Skeletal System: The Human skeletal is unique in its structure and composition. It gives shape and size to the body. The bony structure of the body is called Skeleton. There are 206 bones in all in different sizes and shapes and they are all connected strongly by the fibrous tissues and the bones so connected by tissues give the shape to the human body. The ends of the bones at joints are covered with the cartilage layers and in a few cases there are cartilage pads between the joints. There are Ligaments which join firmly the bones at the joints and they, thus, help in the movement of the joints without any constraint or friction.

Four Functions of Skeletal System :

1. Shape and support – It gives shape and support to the human body.
2. Protection – It protects the delicate and main internal organs of the body. For example Cranium protects brain and eyes, Thoracic cage protects heart and lungs, Vertebrae protects spinal cord and Pelvis protects Rectum and Bladder.
3. Mobility – Muscles attached to the joints of bones provide space for movement.
4. Bones helps to form red and white corpuscles in the bone marrow.

Question 3.
What points are to be kept in mind while doing exercises?
Answer:
Precautions while doing exercise :

1. Exercise should be done regularly.
2. Exerfcise should be done on empty stomach in the morning and evening.
3. Exercise should be done in accordance with the age/capability of a person.
4. Exercise should be done from easy to complicated.
5. It should be done in accordance to the weather.
6. Make a better coordination between exercise, and your choice, your work, responsibilities and availability of time.
7. Always do the exercise which fulfills the need or aim of oneself.

Class 10 Physical Education Rajasthan Board Solutions Chapter 3 Effect of Physical Exercise on Human Body Additional Questions Solved

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The number of bones in skull and face is –
(a) 14, 8
(b) 8, 14
(c) 11, 11
(d) 7, 15
Answer: (a)

2. The contraction and expansion process continues for the whole span of life in case of –
(a) Voluntary muscles
(b) Heart muscles
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b)

3. Ordinarily a person has about –
(a) 8 to 10 litre blood
(b) 2 to 3 litre blood
(c) 4 litre blood
(d) 6 litre blood
Answer: (c)

4. A healthy person breathes per minute –
(a) 16 to 18 times
(b) 70 to 72 times
(c) 20 to 25 times
(d) 6 to 8 times
Answer: (a)

5. Which of the following is not the organ of the Respiratory System?
(a) Nose
(b) Trachea
(c) Capillaries
(d) Diaphragm
Answer: (c)

6. Cardiac output is the part of the –
(a) Circulatory system
(b) Respiratory system
(c) Nervous system
(d) Digestive system
Answer: (a)

RBSE Class 10 Physical Education Solutions Chapter 3 Effect of Physical Exercise on Human Body Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Name the types of muscles in the body.
Answer:
Voluntary muscles, Involuntary muscles, Heart or Cardiac Muscle.

Question 2.
What are the main parts of alimentary canal?
Answer:
Main parts of the Alimentary canal which help in the digestion of food are :

1. Mouth
2. Pharynx
3. Oesophagus
4. Stomach
5. Duodenum
6. Small Intestines
7. Large Intestines
8. Anus

Question 3.
Name the organs of respiratory system,
Answer:

1. Nose
2. Mouth Cavity
3. Larynx
4. Trachea (Wind Pipe)
5. Lungs
6. Ribs
7. Inter-coastal Muscles
8. Diaphragm

Question 4.
Write a few lines about arteries.
Answer:
Artery: Arteries carry oxygenated blood from heart to different parts of the body. In the arteries as blood comes directly from the heart, it flows with force and speed and it moves with jerks. The walls of the arteries are thick and strong so as to adjust to the force and jerks of the blood. When the heart contracts, the force of the blood is slowed down and the arteries contract to their original form.

Question 5.
Which system gives shape to the body?
Answer:
The skeletal or bony system gives shape to the body.

Class 10 Physical Education Rajasthan Board Chapter 3 Effect of Physical Exercise on Human Body Essay Type Questions

Question 1.
Write about the effect of exercise on muscular system.
Answer:
Effects of exercise on muscular system are :

1. Increase in the thickness of the muscular tissues.
2. Increase in the quantity of proteins required for the muscular growth.
3. Acceleration of the oxidisation process of carbohydrates and fats.
4. More strength and flexibility, hence reducing the likelihood of injury to the body.
5. Loss or lowering of quantity of fats in the body.
6. Increase in the density level of enzymisation and Glycogen storage capacity.
7. Production of more energy due to increase: in the efficiency of A.T.P. and P.C. system.
8. Increase in glycolitic retention.
9. Increase in fat free weight of the body.
10. Increase in muscular strength and muscular weight bearing power with increase in the thickness of the muscular tissues.
11. Improved storage of Oxygen with the increase in Miglobin components.
12. Increase in the volume of blood flow to blood tissues.
13. Other positive effects as more flexible back, stronger heart muscles and improved muscles control.
14. Enhanced growth in the number of Mitochondria (cells) generate more muscular energy.

Question 2.
Write about effect of exercise on skeletal system.
Answer:
Effects of Exercise on Skeletal System :

1. Regular exercise makes bones and Ligaments stronger and more resistant to any injury or mishap.
2. Exercise elongates body, increases size and density of bones.
3. Regular exercise protects body from disorder or abnormality as it helps to maintain good posture.
4. Exercise gives flexibility to the joints, accelerate the joints function, thus reducing the chances of injury during play or sports.
5. Exercise is a proven remedy for curing postural deformity.

Question 3.
Write the functions of blood.
Answer:
Carrying of nutrients and Oxygen to each cell of the body and waste materials produced as a result of chemical processes in the body to the organs from where they are eliminated, are the functions of the circulatory system. This function is performed by the circulatory system by means of blood.

Blood is constantly carried to all parts of the body and this process is called circulation of blood.

Question 4.
Write the names of the organs of the Digestive system.
Answer:
The main organ of the Digestive system is Alimentary canal. Besides Liver, Gall Bladder and Pancreas too helps in the digestion of food. Alimentary canal is a muscular tube of flesh. It starts from mouth and ends upto Anus.

Main parts of the Alimentary canal which help in the digestion of food are :

1. Mouth
2. Pharynx
3. Oesophagus
4. Stomach
5. Duodenum
6. Small Intestines
7. Large Intestines
8. Anus

Question 5.
What are the effects of exercise on Respiratory system?
Answer:
Effects of exercise on Respiratory system are :

1. The muscle cells in the body will use up more oxygen and produce more Carbon-dioxide.
2. The lungs will have to work harder to provide Oxygen and also to remove carbon-dioxide. Hence there will be an expansion in the volume and efficiency of the lungs.
3. There will be an increase in the breathing rate as the body will be trying hard to get as much oxygen as possible and to minimize the amount of oxygen debt.
4. The muscles of the respiratory system such as diaphragm and the intercoastal muscles get stronger.
5. Breathing after exercise becomes lighter and slower due to an adaptation of the respiratory system and the breathing centre.
6. As a result the body oxygen content increases after many hours after the exercise.
7. As a response to exercise the diaphragm contracts leaving place for the lungs to expand. Consequently we inhale more deeply allowing more oxygen to enter the lungs.
8. The heart and the cardiovascular system respond by pumping out more oxygenated blood to the working muscles during exercise.

Question 6.
How do exercises effect our circulatory system?
Answer:

1. As you exercise the blood vessels in your muscles dilate and the blood flow is greater. This increased blood flow delivers more oxygenated blood to the working muscle.
2. Exercise improves the body’s utilisation of oxygen and lowers systolic blood pressure.
3. Exercise changes the shape of the heart causing increase in the weight and volume of the heart. Consequently heart contraction capacity increases.
4. Heart beat per minute is lowered.
5. Volume of blood increases mainly due to increase in the volume of Plasma. Number of red cells in the blood increases. Blood volume of a player measures more than 7 litres.
6. Cardiac output potency of the heart increases.
7. There is an increase in the flow of blood.
8. With the expansion of blood volume, flow of blood in the muscles increases, and there is a more growth of vessels and the redistribution of blood improves.
9. As we exercise, the hormone Adrenalin causes our blood vessels to expand so that a greater than normal volume of blood can pass through them.
10. As a result of exercise there is an increase in stroke volume. More blood is pushed to the ventricle chamber, which soon increase stroke volume.

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