RBSE Class 10 Science Solutions Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

RBSE Class 10 Science Solutions Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources InText Questions and Answers

Page 271.

Question 1.
What changes can you make in your habits to become more friendly with environment?
Answer:
We can make following changes in our habits to become environment friendly. The basic idea would be 5R – reduce, refuse, repurpose, recycle and reuse.

1. Electricity can be saved by switching off unnecessary lights and fans.
2. We can save water by repairing leaky taps.
3. We can use of fluorescent tubes in place of bulb.
4. Travelling in bus in place of using personal vehicle.
5. Using stairs in place of lift.
6. Recycling of materials like plastic, paper, glass,, metal articles and other material can be recycled and make usable.
7. Reuse of articles like the plastic bottles and boxes in which we buy various food – items can be used for storing things in kitchen.
8. Food material should be seved, should not be wasted.

Question 2.
What would be the advantages of exploiting resources with short – term aims?
Answer:
The advantage of exploiting resources With short term aim can accelerate the economy. But this boom in economy cannot last long because the resources are not unlimited. The exploitation of resources for short term purpose can be beneficial for the present generation but not for future generation.

Question 3.
How would these advantages differ from the advantages of using a long term perspective in managing our resources?
Answer:
Differences in benefits of short term and long term projects:

Question 4.
What do you think there should be equitable distribution of resources? What forces would be working against an equitable distribution of our resources?
Answer:
Our thought is that there should be the equal distribution of these resources. Equal distribution of resources means distribution for equal benefit, whether the individual is poor or rich. Resources are the part of non-living and living nature, which provide food, fodder, protection, water, energy and daily uses materials. Every human has right to get them and use in equal form and it is possible when there is equal distribution of resources.
Following forces works against the equal distribution:

1. Availability in limited quantities of resources.
2. More utilisation of resources by rich persons.
3. Avoiding the need of local people, exploitation of resources done for their economic objectives by rich and powerful peoples.

Page 275.

Question 1.
Why should we conserve forests and wildlife?
Answer:
Dense biotic community of trees, shrubs and woody vegetation is called forest. Forests are ‘biodiversity hot spots’. Here different type of vegetation and wild animals are present. Forest and wild life conservation is essential because forests complete our basic needs, which we get from forests, they are as:
(1) We get various type of articles from forests like fuel wood, timber wood, bamboo; cane, cellulose, fodder, gum, rubber, nut, lac, dry coal, catechu etc.

(2) From forest we get fruit, dry fruits, vegetables and medicines etc.

(3) Forest provides raw material to various . industries like paper, lac, matchbox, threads, cloths, dye, rubber etc.

(4) Forest, plays an important role in balancing the nature and from environment point of view, is important to keep the life on the earth, like:

• Increasing the fertility of soil.
• To check fast run off rain water and soil erosion.
• To help in maintaining the gaseous balance in environment.
• To check the evaporation of underground water, maintain the humidity of atmosphere, formation of clouds and help in rain.
• Due to presence of forests there is the sufficient rain occur.
• Forest absorbs the harmful gases of atmosphere like CO₂, SO₂ and oxides of nitrogen and make clean atmosphere.
• Forest conserves the wild animals to provide shelter and food.

5. Due to following reasons we should do the conservation of wild life:

• Wild animals are responsible for continuity of terrestrial food chain.
• We get valuable materials from wild animals like wool, leather, horn, fur, honey, musk etc.
• Wild animals play important role in maintaining environmental balance.

Question 2.
Suggest some approaches towards the conservation of forests.
Answer:
Many efforts have been made to conserve the forest and wild life, out of them some are as under:

1. Declaration of protected areas like forests specially national park and sanctuaries.
2. Promoting people in the participation of tree plantation programmes by organising the Van Mahotsav.
3. Under social forestry along the train route, road, banks of canal, unfertilised land, on land of panchayat multiobjective tree should be grown which supply the timber, fuel wood, fruit and fodder to the society and common man.
4. We should avoid using forest land for constructing roads, buildings and dams.
5. To check the overgrazing, we should grow grass.
6. We should search for other alternative of forests and wild products, so that we can less depend on forests.
7. To preserve the wild animals.
8. There should be plantation in the filling regions of the forest.
9. There should be protection from fire in the forest.
10. Establishing the wild care centers.

Page 278.

Question 1.
Find out about the traditional systems of water harvesting management in your region.
Answer:
In our region the following are the traditional system of water harvesting: In largely level terrain, the water harvesting structures are mainly crescent shaped earthen embankments or low, straight concrete and rubble ‘check dams’ built across seasonally flooded gullies. Monsoon rains fill ponds behind the structures.

Question 2.
Compare the above system with the probable systems in hilly/mountainous areas or plains or plateau regions.
Answer:
Water management in the hilly areas are quite different from those of plains apd plateaus regions. As Parts of Himachal Pradesh had evolved a local system of canal irrigation called kulhs over four hundred years ago. The water flowing in the streams was diverted into man – made channels which took this water to numerous villages down the hillside. Interestingly, during the planting season, water was first used by the village farthest away from the source of the kulh, then by villages progressively higher up.

These kulhs were managed by two or three people who were paid by the villagers. In addition to irrigation, water from these kulhs also percolated into the soil and fed springs at various points. In plains or plateau regions roof top harvesting is used for collection of rain water, developing canals from large rivers or by stored water in ponds, tanks, nadis, tals etc. or water managed by pipe lines.

Question 3.
Find out the source of water in your region locality. Is water from this source available to all people living in that area?
Answer:
In our region water is supplied by water engineering departments through pipe lines. Here the local source of water is a big tank, the water is stored in the tank from dams, tubewell, well etc. Then it is distributed in total area through pipe lines. Water is not available in sufficient quantity to all residents because due to deficiency of water usually daily it is supplied only one time for short duration. Jhuggi Jhonpadi, such colonies which are not authorized by urban development authority and region of farthest area where pipe line does not exists, are deprived of this availability of water.

RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What changes would you suggest in your home in order to be environment friendly.
Answer:
We can suggest the following changes to make our home more environment friendly:

• When there is no need at that time switch off the fan, bulb, television to save electricity.
• Save water by repairing leaky taps.
• Instead of ordinary bulb use of fluorescent light.
• Use of cloth bags in place of polythene and plastic bags.
• Do not waste food unnecessarily, save food.
• Use stairs in place of lift.
• By using reduce, recycle and reuse materials or substances.
• Use of solar energy in cooking food, heating water and keeping the room warm.
• Before destroying the waste, separate the cycling waste material from non – cycling materials.

Question 2.
Can you suggest some changes in your school which would make it environment friendly.
Answer:
Yes, following changes can be suggested to make school environment friendly:

1. Maximum planting in the school.
2. The fallen leaves and degradable waste materials can be dumped in a pit. Pit should be digged at some distance in the comer of the school. The manure develoeped in this pit can be used for garden or for other plants of the school.
3. To arrange separate garabage bins for collecting biodegradable and non – biodegradable waste separately in school premises.
4. There should be proper arrangement of sunlight in the classes so that unnecessary electricity may not be used.
5. During the drinking water by students, the waste water should be managed to water to the plants.
6. Rain water harvesting plant installation.
7. Use of solar energy in place of electricity in the school.
8. How can we protect the environment of the school? Some seminars should be organised, in which teacher and students may take part.
9. Eco – club should be established in the school.

Question 3.
We saw in this chapter that there are four main stakeholders when it comes to forests and wildlife. Which among these should have the authority to decide the management of forest produce? Why do you think so?
Answer:
The four main stakeholders of forests and wildlife are as following:

1. The people who live in or around forests are dependent on forest produce for various aspects of their life.
2. The Forest Department of the Government which owns the land and controls the resources from forests.
3. The industrialists from those who use ‘tendu’ leaves to make bidis to the ones with paper mills who use various forest produce but are not dependent on the forests in any one area.
4. The wild life and nature enthusiasts who want to conserve nature in its pristine form.

Out of above four types of stakeholders, the fourth types of stakeholder in nature enthusiast and want to keep wild life and natural vegetation in natural condition, so we should give the right to them for taking the decision in relation to forest management and its products.

Question 4.
How can you as an individual contribute or make a difference to the management of
(a) forests and wildlife,
(b) water resource and
(c) coal and petroleum?
Answer:
(a) Forests and wildlife:
individually want to take participation of local people in the management of forests and wild life and would like to explain their significance. With this I would also manage forest property unnecessarily should not be harmed and there should be no exploitation.

(b) Water resource: This is the limited resource; so water should be used as per necessity. I will try to reduce the misuse of water.

(c) Coal and petroleum: For saving the energy, I will do following efforts:

• I will travel by bus or bicycle in place of own vehicle (car, motor cycle, scooter).
• I will use tubelight or CFL in place of bulb.
• I will wear the woollen clothes in winter days rather than the use of heater or sigri, so that we can save energy.

Question 5.
What can you as an individual do to reduce your consumption of the various natural resources?
Answer:

1. I individually follow the principle of five ‘R’ Refuse, Repurpose, Reduce, Recyle and Reuse for reducing the consumption of various natural resources.
2. Save the electricity.
3. Check the unnecessary wastage of food/food materials and water.
4. I will use cooking gas in place of wood.
5. I will try maximum use of solar apparatus.
6. To protect from cold, I will use the woollen clothes in place of heater or sign.
7. On red light, off the engine.
8. Use of stairs in place of lift.

Question 6.
List five things you have done over the last one week to.
(a) Conserve our natural resources.
(b) Increase the pressure on our natural resources.
Answer:
(a) Conserve our natural resources:

• I reduced the consumption of electricity by switching off unwanted light and fans.
• At the time of taking bath I used only one bucket in place of two.
• Instead of using cycle, I went to various places on foot.
• When I took food I did not leave any wastage.
• I used refil instead of purchasing a new pen.

(b) Increase the pressure on our natural resources:

• While brushing the teeth I kept the tap open.
• Instead of one bucket I used three buckets of water for taking bath.
• I brought excess food in my tiffin and threw the remaining food in the dustbin.
• During study at night I slept and light was on the whole night.
• I went with my friends on tour by father’s car.

Question 7.
On the basis of the issues raised in this chapter, what changes would you incorporate in your life – style in a move towards a sustainable use of our resources?
Answer:
The issues raised in this chapter, I would like the following changes in my life style by which some incentives may be added to sustainable use of our resources:

• I will follow the five ‘R’ principle Reduce, Recycle, Refuse, Repurpose and Reuse.
• During Van – Mahotsava I will do plantation twice times in a year.
• I will use the public bus or school bus as much as I can.
• Most probably, I will use solar energy.
• I will use cloth bag in place of polythene or plastic bag.
• I will check the wastage of water, repair of leaky taps and save the water.