RBSE Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Forest and Wildlife Resources InText Questions and Answers

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Question  1.
What are the negative factors that cause such, fearful depletion of the flora and fauna ?
Answer:
The negative factors that cause such fearful depletion of the flora and fauna are :

1. Habitat Destruction.
2. Hunting and poaching.
3. Expansion of railways in the colonial period.
4. Formation of agricultural land by clearing the forests.
5. Commercial forestry.
6. Construction of large scale river projects.
7. Mining activities.
8. Grazing and fuel wood collection.
9. Environmental pollution.

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Question  2.
Are colonial forest policies to be blamed ?
Answer:
In India, the greatest damage inflicted on forests was during the colonial period. During the colonial period, an unprecedented increase in the expansion of the railways, agriculture, commercial and scientific forestry and mining activities was made, which resulted in the rapid loss of forests. Efforts were not made to conserve forests in comparison to exploitation. Therefore, the colonial forest policy is blamed for the forest degradation.

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Question 3.
Have you noticed any activity which leads to the loss of biodiversity around you ? Write a note on it and suggest some measures to prevent it.
Answer:
Yes, I have noticed some activities around me which lead to the loss of biodiversity. These activities are as follows :

1. In our area, people spray excessive in-secticides which also destroy many useful pests.
2. Even today many prople use wood for fuel, due to which forests are being degraded.
3. People kill animals like snake- goyra etc.
4. People hunt animals in the nearby forest and cut down trees.
5. Some people trade the organs of wildlife.

Measures to Prevent the Loss of Biodiversity:

1. Unnecessary use of insecticides should be bamed.
2. Increased “use of safe means of fuel, cut-ting of trees for fuel should be banned.
3. Snake- goyra or other wild animals should be rescued and released in the forest area.
4. The hunting of animals should be banned ‘ and those who do so should be given severe pun-ishment.
5. Trade in wildlife should byc restricted.
6. The natural habitats of various animals should be developed.

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Question  4.
Collect more information on the wildlife sanctuaries and national parks of India and cite their locations on the map of India.
Answer:
Many wildlife sanctuaries and national parks have been built in India for the conserva-tion of bio-diversity and environment. At present, there are more than 500 wildlife sanctuaries and more than 100 national parks in India. Most of them are animal sanctuary and bird sanctuary.
The locations of some of the major national parks and wildlife animals is clear in the follow-ing map

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Forest and Wildlife Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Multiple Choice questions

(i) Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the depletion of flora and fauna ?
(a) Agricultural expansion
(b) Large scale developmental projects
(c) Grazing and fuel wood collection
(d) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation
Answer:
(c) Grazing and fuel wood collection

(ii) Which of the following conservation strategies does not directly involve in community participation ?
(a) Joint forest management
(b) Beej Bachao Andolan
(c) Chipko movement
(d) Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuary
Answer:
(d) Demarcation of Wildlife sanctuary

2. Match the following animals with their category of existence.

Answer:

3. Match the following :

Answer:

4. Answer the following questions in about 30 wprds.

(i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
Answer:
Biodiveristy is the sum total of all the varities of species of plants, animals and micro organisms living on the earth. It also includes the habitats in which they live. Biodiversity keeps balance in ecosystem and we get many important things from it.

(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna ? Explain.
Answer:
(i) Between 1951 and 1980, according to the forest survey of India, over 26,200 sq. km. of forest area was converted into agricultural land all over India.

(ii) Substantial parts of the tribal belts especially in the north-eastern and Central India, have been degraded by shifting cultivation (Jhum).

(iii) Large-scale development projects have also contributed significantly to the loss of forests.

(iv) Mining is another important factor behind deforestation. The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal is seriously threatened by the ongoing dolomite mining.

5. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i) Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India ?
Answer:
(a) In Sariska Tiger Reserve : Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act. In many areas villagers themselves are protecting habitats and explicitly rejecting government involvement.

(b) The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared about 1200 hectares of forest area as the ”Bhairodev Dakav Sonchuri

(c) Many states have launched the Joint Forest Management Programme to involve local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.

(d) Many formers and citizen groups support the Beej Bachao Andolan in Tehri and Navdanya. They are using various crop production methods without using synthetic chemicals for growing crops.

(e) The famous Chipko movement launched by the women of Chamoli in northern India saved more than 12000 sq km area of forests just by hugging the trees when the lumbeijacks attempted to cut them.

(ii) Write a riote on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Answer:
(a) Worship of nature:
Nature worship is an age old tribal belief based on the premise that all creations of nature have to be protected. Such beliefs have preserved several virgin forests in pristine form called sacred groves (the forests of God and Goddesses). These patches of forest or parts of large forests have been left untouched by the local people and any interference with them is banned.

(b) Worship of trees:
Certain societies reverse a particular tree which they have preserved from time immemorial. The Mundas and the Santhal of Chota Nagpur region worship mahua and kadamba trees. The tribals of Odisha and Bihar worship the tamarind and mango trees during weddings. To many of us, peepal and banyan trees are considered sacred.

(c) People of different cultures:
Indian society comprises several cultures, each with its own set of traditional methods of conserving nature and its creations. Sacred qualities are often ascribed to springs, mountain peaks, plants and animals which are closely protected. We shall find troops of macaques and langurs around many temples. They are fed daily and treated as a part of temple devotees. In and around Bishnoi villages in Rajasthan, herds of blackbuck, (chinkara), nilgai and peacocks can be seen as an integral part of the community and nobody harms them.Thus many good practices are very helpful in conserving forests and wildlife.