RBSE Class 9 Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 4 Working of Institutions

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 4 Working of Institutions

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Working of Institutions InText Questions and Answers

Page No. 58

Question 1.
Is every Office Memorandum a major political decision? If not, what made this one different?
Answer:
No, every Office Memorandum is not a major political decision.
The memorandum is very important decision and becomes a source of controversy for years as it affects all the sections of the society.

Page No. 59
Read the Image

Question 2.
Reservation debate was such an important issue during 1990-91 that advertisers used this theme to sell their products. Can you spot some references to political events and debates in these Amul Butter hoardings?
Answer:
The political event hinted at by the hoardings ‘Amul the riot taste’ is that the government declared 27% reservation for OBC which had the taste of riots. It took the lives of hundreds of student.

Page No. 60
Check Your Progress

Question 3.
Who did what in this case of reservations for backward classes?
Supreme Court – Made formal announcement about this decision
Cabinet – Implemented the decision by issuing an order
President – Took the decision to give 27% job reservations
Government Officials – Uphold reservations as validreservations
Answer:
Supreme Court – Uphold reservations as validreservations
Cabinet – Took the decision to give 27% job reservations
President-Made formal announcement about this decision
Government Officials -Implemented the decision by issuing an order

Page No. 61

Question 4.
What is the point in having so much debate and discussion in the Parliament when we know that the view of the ruling party is going to prevail?
Answer:
The advantages are:
(i) A conclusion reached after debate and discus sions have considered many points of merits and demerits involved in the issue.
(ii)To give the information to the public regarding the topic for a particular decision which is going to be taken by the ruling party so that the public can give their responses.

Page No. 62

Question 5.
When the Parliament is in session, there is a special programme every day on Doordarshan about the proceedings in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. Watch the proceedings or read about it in the newspapers and note the following:
(i) Powers of the two Houses of Parliament.
(ii)Role of the Speaker.
Answer:
(i) Powers of the two Houses of Parliament:
(a) To make laws
(b) To exercise control over those who run the government.
(c) To pass annual budget.

(ii) Role of the Speaker:
(a) To regulate the proceedings, of Lok Sabha.
(b) To maintain discipline in the House.
(c) To perform some administrative functions like receiving all documents and petitions addressed to the House, etc.
(d) To supervise the parliament committees.

Read the Cartoon

Question 6.
The race to become minister is not new. Here is a cartoon depicting ministerial aspirants waiting to get a berth in Nehru’s Cabinet after the 1962 elections. Why do you think political leaders are so keen to become ministers?
Answer:
Although the President appoints the ministers, but in actual, they are appointed on the advice of Prime Minister. The Prime Minister prepares the list of the members of Council of Minister who are then formally appointed by the President. This is the reason why the aspirants are waiting outside the office of PM.

Political leaders are so keen to become ministers as they will enjoy many powers, privileges, benefits and facilities beside the respect they enjoy.

Read the Cartoon

Question 7.
This cartoon depicts a cabinet meeting chaired by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in early 1970s, at the peak of her popularity. Do you think similar cartoons could be drawn about other prime ministers who followed her?
Answer:
No, similar cartoons could not be drawn about other Prime Ministers who followed her because no other Prime Minister after her had the kind of personality or popularity that she had.

Read the Image

Question 8.
What is better for a democracy: A Prime Minister who can do whatever he wishes or a Prime Minister who needs to consult other leaders and parties?
Answer:
It is better for a democracy to have a Prime Minister who needs to consult other leaders and parties.

Check Your Progress

Question 9.
Eliamma, Annakutti and Marymol read the section on the President. Each of them had a question. Can you help them in answering these questions?
Eliamma : What happens if the President and the Prime Minister disagree about some policy? Does the view of the Prime Minister always prevail?
Answer:
If the President and the Prime Minister disagree about some policy, the view of the Prime Minister prevails if he enjoys the majority support in the Parliament.
If the Prime Minister has lost the majority support in the Parliament, the President is free to decide the case on his own.

Question 10.
Annakutti : I find it funny that the President is the Supreme Commanderof Armed Forces. I doubt if the President can even lift a heavy gun. What is the point in making the President the Commander?
Answer:
The Commander who has more strength, wins the war. Here, the Supreme Commander, the President, has the power of the pen to give orders and directions, whereas the heads of the three wings of the armed forces have sword, which have less strength than the pen. The President, advised by the Council of Ministers, has a broader outlook about the security of the country. So, he is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.

Question 11.
Marymol: I would say, what is the point in having a President at all if all the real powers are with the Prime Minister?
Answer:
The President is the symbolic power of the country. Many times, in a critical situations, the President has to exercise the real power and to take decisions on his own, e.g., when the Prime Minister loses the majority support in the Lok Sabha.

Check Your Progress

Question 12.
Give one reason each to argue that Indian judiciary is independent with respect to:

1. Appointment of judge
2. Removal of judges
3. Powers of the Judiciary

Answer:

1.  Appointment of judges: President appoints the judges after consulting with
2. the chief Justice of India and other judges.
3. Removal of judges: Once a person is appointed as the judge of the Supreme
4. Court or the High Court, his/ her removal is as difficult as that of the President of India. ,
5. Powers of the judiciary: The judiciary can critically examine any action of I the executive when it is challenged before the court.

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Working of Institutions Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
If you are elected as the President of India which of the following decisions can you take on your own?
(a) Select the person you like as Prime Minister.
(b) Dismiss a Prime Minister who has a majority in Lok Sabha.
(c) Ask for reconsideration of a bill passed by both the Houses.
(d)Nominate the leaders of your choice to the Council of Ministers.
Answer:
(c) Ask for reconsideration of a bill passed by both the Houses.

Question 2.
Who among the following is a part of the political executive?
(a) District Collector
(b) Secretary of the Ministry of Home Affairs
(c) Home Minister
(d) Director General of Police
Answer:
(c) Home Minister

Question 3.
Which of the following statements about the judiciary is false?
(a) Every law passed by the Parliament needs approval of the Supreme Court
(b) Judiciary can strike down a law if it goes against the spirit of the Constitution
(c) Judiciary is independent of the Executive
(d) Any citizen can approach the courts if her rights are violated
Answer:
(a) Every law passed by the Parliament needs approval of the Supreme Court

Question 4.
Which of the following institutions can make changes to an existing law of the country?
(a) The Supreme Court
(b) The President
(c) The Prime Minister
(d) The Parliament
Answer:
(d) The Parliament

Question 5.
Match the ministry with the news that the ministry may have released:

Answer:

Question 6.
Of all the institutions that we have studied in this chapter, name one that exercises the powers on each of the following matters.
(a) Decision on allocation of money for developing infrastructure like roads, irrigation etc. and different welfare activities for the citizens.

Answer:
Cabinet (The Finance Ministry)
(b) Considers the recommendation of a Committee on a law to regulate the stock exchange.

Answer: Parliament
(c) Decides on a legal dispute between two state governments.
Answer:
Supreme Court

(d) Implements the decision to provide relief for the victims of an earthquake.
Answer:
Permanent Executive

Question 7.
Why is the Prime Minister in India not directly elected by the people? Choose the most appropriate answer and give reasons for your choice.

(a) In a Parliamentary democracy only the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha can become the Prime Minister.

(b) Lok Sabha can remove the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers even before the expiry of their term.

(c) Since the Prime Minister is appointed by the President there is no need for it  (d) Direct election of the Prime Minister will involve lot of expenditure on election.
Answer:
The most appropriate answer is (i) This is to ensure that the Prime Minister secures a majority support. This will help him in passing and implementing his policies within parliament without much difficulties. Secondly, being a leader of majority party he can not act or take decision by his ownself or become a dictator.

Question 8.
Three friends went to watch a film that showed the hero becoming Chief Minister for a day and making big changes in the state. Imran said this is what the country needs. Rizwan said this kind of a personal rule without institutions is dangerous. Shankar said all this is a fantasy. No minister can do anything in one day. What would be your reaction to such a film?
Answer:
While it may look quite appealing in a movie; the real life is strikingly different. Governance in a democracy is all about taking everyone along with you. Moreover, in a large and diverse country like India, it is not possible to take decision on the whims of an individual. Implementation of a decision needs the coordination among various organs of the government and a minister is just a part of that system.

Question 9.
A teacher was making preparations for a mock parliament. She called two students to act as leaders of two political parties. She gave them an option: Each one could choose to have a majority either in the mock Lok Sabha or in the mock Rajya Sabha. If this choice was given to you, which one would you choose and why?
Answer:
I would choose to have a majority in the Lok Sabha. The leader of the Lok Sabha is directly answerable to the public and hence it can be quite challenging for me.

Question 10.
After reading the example of the reservation order, three students had different reactions about the role of the judiciary. Which view, according to you, is a correct reading of the role of judiciary?

(i) Srinipas argues that since the Supreme Court agreed with the government, it is not independent.

(ii) Anjaiah says that judiciary is independent because it could have given a verdict against the government order. The Supreme Court did direct the government to modify it.

(iii) Vijaya thinks that the judiciary is neither independent nor conformist, but acts as a mediator between opposing parties. The court struck a good balance between those who supported and those who opposed the order.
Answer:
(ii) View of Anjaiah is correct that Judiciary is independent because it could have given a verdict against the government order. The Supreme Court did direct the government to modify it.