UP Board Class 10 English Chapter 6 – Voice (Grammar)
UP Board Class 10 English Chapter 6 – Voice (Grammar)
UP Board Solutions for Class 10 English Chapter 6 – Voice (Grammar)
Important Points and Rules
A voice tells us whether the subject of a sentence is the doer or the receiver of the action.
e.g. She sings a song.
A song is sung by her.
Both the sentences appear to have the same meaning, but the subjects of the sentences are different.
In the first sentence, the verb is ‘sings’. ‘She’ is the subject of the verb ‘sings’. She also performs the action of singing.
In the second sentence, the verb is ‘is sung’. ‘A song’ is the subject of the verb ‘sung’. But song does not perform the action of singing, in fact, it receives the action of singing.
Kinds of Voice वाच्य के प्रकार
Voice निम्नलिखित दो प्रकार की होती हैं
When the verb shows that the subject does the action, the verb is said to be in the active voice.
When the verb shows that the subject receives or suffers the action, the verb is said to be in the passive voice.
e.g. (i) I teach you. (Active voice)
You are taught by me. (Passive voice)
(ii) He reads a novel. (Active voice)
A novel is read by him. (Passive voice)
Active Voice से Passive Voice बनाने के नियम
- Active voice के object को Passive voice में subject के रूप में प्रयोग किया जाता है।
- Active voice के subject को Passive voice में object के रूप में प्रयोग किया जाता है।
- Passive voice के object से पहले by लगाया जाता है।
- Passive voice में Main verb की IIIrd form का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
- Pronoun/Noun (Subjective case तथा Objective case) में परिवर्तन निम्नलिखित प्रकार से किए जाते हैं।
Subjective Case के लिए
Objective Case के लिए
Active voice में 12 tenses होते हैं परन्तु Passive voice केवल 8 tenses की ही बनाई जा सकती है। निम्नलिखित 4 tenses की Passive voice नहीं बनती है।
(i) Present Perfect Continuous
(ii) Past Perfect Continuous
(iii) Future Continuous
(iv) Future Perfect Continuous
Imperative Sentences का Active Voice से Passive Voice में परिवर्तन
Imperative sentence का Passive voice बनाते समय Let का प्रयोग करके ‘be’ बढ़ा देते हैं तथा verb की third form को be के बाद लगाते हैं। यदि वाक्य Negative हो, तो Passive voice में be से पहले not लगाते हैं। वाक्य के अन्त में by you भी लगा सकते हैं परन्तु सामान्य तौर पर इसे avoid करना चाहिए।
e.g. (i) Close the door. (Active)
Let the door be closed by you. (Passive)
(ii) Bring a book. (Active)
Let a book be brought. (Passive)
Imperative sentences को अन्य दो तरीकों से भी Passive voice में बदल सकते हैं
(a) Should के साथ verb की third form लगाकर
e.g. (i) Open the letter box. (Active)
The letter box should be opened. (Passive)
(ii) Read it aloud. (Active)
It should be read aloud. (Passive)
(b) वाक्य को You are requested/commanded/advised/
e.g. (i) Please call me. (Active)
You are requested to call me. (Passive)
(ii) Stand up. (Active)
You are ordered to stand up. (Passive)
Practice QUESTIONS
I. Change the following sentences into passive voice.
1. Three men are loading the cart.
2. I bought a dictionary yesterday.
3. Sheela is writing an application for leave.
4. We help them in every way.
5. I am writing a letter.
6. He did not help me.
7. The king shot the lion.
8. It worries me.
9. He always helps me.
10. Do not insult the poor.
11. Who wrote the application?
12. Who teaches you English?
13. The mouse ate the corn.
14. He answered all the questions.
15. You know him well.
II. Change the following sentences into passive voice.
1. I know him well.
2. Why does he beat his brother?
3. Will you not attend the class?
4. The king did not kill the tiger..
5. He always helps the poor.
6. He has answered all the questions.
7. Dr. Ranjana teaches us science.
8. Do this work at once.
9. He posted a letter.
10. Did you complete your work yesterday?
11. Do you help me?
12. We should admire the freedom fighters.
13. He wrote an application to his class teacher for leave.
14. Have they helped you?
15. Akbar defeated Hemu in the battle of Panipat.
16. The hunter shot the tiger.
17. I know him very well.
18. They refused him admission.
19. He gave me a glass of water.
20. We help them every day.
21. Did you finish your work in time?
22. People always admire the freedom fighters.
III. Change the following sentences into active voice. quiet.
1. You are requested to keep
2. Amir Khan is known to me.
3. You will be beaten by Neena at Badminton.
4. Madhu was followed by a little lamb.
5. Tarun is loved by his mother.
6. ‘The Moonlight Sonata’ had been composed by Beethoven.
7. The papers were being corrected by the teacher.
8. The letter had been posted (by me) before I met him.
9. The windows have been cleaned.
10. The money was stolen by her husband.
Answers
I. 1. The cart is being loaded by three men.
2. A dictionary was bought by me yesterday.
3. An application is being written for leave by Sheela.
4. They are helped by us in every way.
5. A letter is being written by me.
6. I was not helped by him.
7. The lion was shot by the king.
8. I am worried about it.
9. I am always helped by him.
10. The poor should not be insulted by you.
11. By whom was the application written?
12. By whom are you taught English?
13. The corn was eaten by the mouse.
14. All the questions were answered by him.
15. He is well known to you.
II. 1. He is well known to me.
2. Why is his brother beaten by him?
3. Will the class not be attended by you?
4. The tiger was not killed by the king.
5. The poor are always helped by him.
6. All the questions have been answered by him.
7. Science is taught to us by Dr. Ranjana.
8. This work should be done at once.
9. A letter was posted by him.
10. Was your work completed by you yesterday?
11. Am I helped by you?
12. Freedom fighters should be admired by us.
13. An application was written by him to his class teacher for leave.
14. Have you been helped by them?
15. Hemu was defeated by Akbar in the battle of Panipat.
16. The tiger was shot by the hunter.
17. He is known to me very well.
18. He was refused admission by them.
19. I was given a glass of water by him.
20. They are helped by us every day.
21. Was your work finished in time by you?
22. Freedom fighters are always admired.
III. 1. Please keep quiet.
2. I know Amir Khan.
3. Neena will beat you at Badminton.
4. A little lamb followed Madhu.”
5. Tarun’s mother loves him.
6. Beethoven composed ‘The Moonlight Sonata’.
7. The teacher was correcting the papers.
8. I had posted the letter before I met him.
9. Someone has cleaned the windows.
10. Her husband stole the money.